Italy
Urbino
The Historic Centre of Urbino is remarkable for its legacy of Renaissance culture.
Urbino was radically rebuilt in the 15th century under the patronage of its duke Federico da Montefeltro. His court attracted many humanist scholars and artists and was a leading example among European courts of that time. While the city kept its medieval urban layout, a new set of walls and many monumental buildings were added.
Community Perspective: It’s not in the same league as the great Renaissance cities, but has its own charm. The Ducal Palace and the view of the city skyline from the park in front of Fortrezza di Albornoz are not to be missed.
Site Info
Official Information
- Full Name
- Historic Centre of Urbino (ID: 828)
- Country
- Italy
- Status
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Inscribed 1998
Site history
History of Urbino
- 1998: Inscribed
- Inscribed
- WHS Type
- Cultural
- Criteria
- ii
- iv
Links
- UNESCO
- whc.unesco.org
All Links
UNESCO.org
- whc.unesco.org — whc.unesco.org/
Related Resources
- vieniaurbino.it — TurismoUrbino
- en.wikipedia.org — Wikipedia on Urbino
News Article
- Feb. 16, 2012 news24.com — Snow damages Urbino
Community Information
- Community Category
- Urban landscape: Post-medieval European
Travel Information
Emilia-Romagna and Marche Hotspot
Recent Connections
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Depot for artwork during war
The Grotte del Duomo, chapels under the… -
Perfect Inscriptions
1998 -
James Francis Edward Stuart
"From July 1717 to November 1718 Urbino…
Connections of Urbino
- Individual People
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James Francis Edward Stuart
"From July 1717 to November 1718 Urbino hosted the court of James Stuart the exiled pretender to the British throne, who had the strong backing of the Papacy." (Wikipedia)See en.wikipedia.org
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Belisarius
Urbino "became an important strategic stronghold during the Gothic Wars of the 6th century. In 538, it was captured from the Ostrogoths by the Byzantine general Belisarius".See en.wikipedia.org
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Leonardo da Vinci
Lived there; "The walls were rebuilt according to the designs of Leonardo da Vinci" (AB ev)
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- Trivia
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Moved from location of original construction
The obelisk in piazza del Rinascimento originally came from Egypt and was brought to Rome in 90 AD. In 1737 it was donated to Urbino according to the wishes of Cardinal Annibale Albani.See it.wikipedia.org
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Hotels in Historic Buildings
Hotel Raffaello in the former 'Seminary of the Chierici'
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- History
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Sieges and Battles
War of Urbino: "Francesco Maria I della Rovere (...) set off with an army of some 5,000 infantry and 1,000 horses (...) reaching the walls of Urbino on 23 January 1517. He defeated the Papal condottiero Francesco del Monte and entered the city hailed by the population."See en.wikipedia.org
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Located in a Former Capital
Urbino was the capital of the Duchy of Urbino, which was an independent state from 1443 until 1625.See en.wikipedia.org
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Depot for artwork during war
The Grotte del Duomo, chapels under the Cathedral, were used during the Second World War to store works from the treasure of Saint Marc's Basilica in Venice (among which the Pala d'oro) to protect them from German bombardments.See it.wikipedia.org
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Medici
Lorenzo II de Medici "in 1516, convinced his uncle, Pope Leo X to make him Duke of Urbino at the age of 24. So began a conflict with the city's previous duke, Francesco Maria I della Rovere. During the protracted War of Urbino, Delle Rovere recaptured the city, only to have Medici — commanding a 10,000-man Papal army — in turn, retake the city. During battle, Lorenzo was wounded, which prompted him to retire to Tuscany. In September 1517, he regained Urbino via treaty; however, it remained under the Medici family's rule for only two years. In 1521 the duchy reverted to the Della Rovere family."See en.wikipedia.org
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Popes
"(...) from 1631 to 1860 [Urbino] was incorporated into the Papal States. During this period it experienced a general economic decline. However, the elevation of Gianfrancesco Albani, who was born in Urbino, to the papacy in 1700 as Clement XI saw a major campaign of restoration, especially on the churches and other religious buildings." (AB Ev) -
Pentapolis
A Pentapolis including: Urbino, Cagli, Jesi, Gubbio and FossombroneSee fr.wikipedia.org
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Assassinations
"In the night between 21 and 22 July 1444 [Oddantonio da Montefeltro, the first duke of Urbino,] was killed by conspirators in the Ducal Palace, together with his counsellors Manfredo dei Pio da Carpi and Tommaso di Guido dell'Agnello."See en.wikipedia.org
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- Architecture
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Gothic Revival
The façade of the Oratory of Saint John the Baptist was rebuilt in the neogothic style at the beginning of the 20th century.See it.wikipedia.org
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Renaissance
Ducal Palace -
Ideal City
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Neoclassical architecture
Duomo -
Brick architecture
"The main fabric [of the Ducal Palace] is in brick, the window frames, the two upper loggias, and some decorative features being in stone. Elsewhere, the exterior is more austere, mainly in brick". (AB Ev) -
Designed by Luigi Vanvitelli
The stucco decoration of the walls and windows of the Albani Chapel in the church of the Convent of Saint Francis is attributable to Luigi Vanvitelli.See it.wikipedia.org
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Gothic
The former convent of Saint AugustineSee it.wikipedia.org
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- Damaged
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Destroyed or damaged by Earthquake
Urbino Cathedral: "On 12 January 1789, a powerful earthquake toppled the cupola, and made a reconstruction necessary. The project was entrusted to Giuseppe Valadier, and completed by 1801 in the present Neoclassical style.See en.wikipedia.org
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- World Heritage Process
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Perfect Inscriptions
1998
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- Religion and Belief
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Nunneries
The convent of Saint Catherine of AlexandriaSee it.wikipedia.org
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Jewish religion and culture
"The synagogue is located at the entrance to a narrow street, near the city walls and is distinguished by an inscription from the mid '500 in which the hymn "Eternal God", written by Rabbi Mordechai Dato, identified the ritual of local Italian Jews and those coming from Spain, Sephardic Jews, or Germany, Ashkenazi Jews." -
Marian Shrines
Urbino Cathedral is dedicated to the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary.See en.wikipedia.org
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Augustinian Order
The convent of Saint Catherine of AlexandriaSee it.wikipedia.org
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Carmelites
The former convent of the Discalced CarmelitesSee it.wikipedia.org
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Dominican Order
The construction of the church of San Domenico (1362-1365) was commissioned by the Dominican Order. Originally, there was a Dominican convent next to the church. This was demolished in the 19th century.See it.wikipedia.org
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Franciscan Order
The Convent of Saint Francis was founded by the Franciscan order and is now the convent of the Order of Friars Minor Conventual (a branch of the Franciscans). It is one of the main religious buildings of the city.See it.wikipedia.org
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Cathedrals
Bas Cat di S Maria assunta
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- Human Activity
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Frescoes or murals by famous painters
The 14th century Oratory of St John the Baptist "is best known for its late Gothic style fresco cycle (1416) by the brothers Lorenzo and Jacopo Salimbeni."See en.wikipedia.org
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- Constructions
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Hospitals
The hospital of Santa Maria della Misericordia now lies outside the old town, but dates back to the first half of the 14th century, and was originally established by the Fraternity of Santa Maria della Misericordia in Pian di Mercato (now Piazza della Repubblica), to house abandoned newborns.See it.wikipedia.org
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Dynastic Burial Places
From 1538, the (now former) monastery of Santa Chiara became the ducal dynastic burial place with the burial of Duke Francesco Maria I Della Rovere, his wife Eleonora Gonzaga, his son Cardinal Giulio Della Rovere, his daughter-in-law Giulia Varano (first wife of Duke Guidobaldo II) and his niece Eleonora or Lavinia Della Rovere (daughter of Duke Guidobaldo II and Vittoria Farnese).See it.wikipedia.org
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Loggia
"The west facade of the Ducal Palace (Palazzo Ducale) consists of two slender turrets flanking three loggias rising one above another." (AB Ev) -
Obelisk
"The Obelisk of Urbino, erected by Cardinal Annibale Albani, is one of the twelve original Egyptian obelisks in Italy and considered as twin of the one in Piazza Minerva in Rome. It comes from a temple of Isis in Egypt and glorifies the Pharaoh Hophra (595 B.C.). Initially placed in the Campus Martius in Rome, it was moved to Urbino in 1737 to celebrate Pope Clement XI. " -
Prison
The judicial prison was originally situated in the Ducal Palace and was transferred to the former convent of San Girolamo in 1889, where it remained until the 1980s.See it.wikipedia.org
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Theatres and Opera Houses
Teatro Sanzio, built in 1853 -
Walled cities
"the historic centre is defined by its Renaissance walls that survive virtually intact, complete with bastions." (Official description)
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- Timeline
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Built in the 15th century
Some of the leading humanists of the time, ...., came together at the court of the Montefeltro Duke Federico III, who ruled Urbino from 1444 to 1482, to create and implement outstanding cultural and urban projects. (AB ev)
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- WHS Hotspots
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Emilia-Romagna and Marche Hotspot
3h10 by train (170km)
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- Science and Technology
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Botanical Gardens
"The Orto Botanico "Pierina Scaramella" (2,200 m2), also known as the Orto Botanico dell'Università di Urbino, is a botanical garden maintained by the University of Urbino, and located at via Bramante, 28".See en.wikipedia.org
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Universities
University of Urbino -
Astronomy and Astrology
There is a small turret on the roof of the Palazzo del Collegio Raffaello, visible from the internal courtyard. It was used as astronomical observatory for the studies and research of Father Alessandro Serpieri.See it.wikipedia.org
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News
- news24.com 02/16/2012
- Snow damages Urbino
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Community Reviews
Show full reviews
I visited Urbino in May 2018 and I have very nice memories... We did a short stop there during the trip from Umbria to Adriatic coast. Urbino is quite small town located in the middle of nowhere, but I liked its somehow austere appearance of its brick facades, steep streets and monumental Palazzo Ducale. We had a breakfast - delicious cappuccino con cornetto di cioccolata on the piazza in front of the cathedral close to the enormous Palazzo Ducale. I also liked metucilously crafted chandeliers inside several houses and palaces, very nice detail ...see PHOTO. It is so called "Stella Ducale" made from iron and glass and inspired by the Platonic solids of the mathematician Luca Pacioli (15th/16th Century).
Unfortunately, I had no time to explore more in detail and to understand properly. Thus, I would like to return to Urbino soon and spend there a couple of days.
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On the first week of March, the “Beast from the East” almost made me to cut Urbino from my plan after I heard that there was a weeklong heavy snow to this city causing many roads to be closed and some municipalities near Urbino declared emergency situation. After successfully secured rental car with winter tires, a hard to find in Italy and found out that clear sky would happen for only one day, I drove to Urbino directly from Rome in early morning. When I reached Urbino, the weather forecast was accurate, it was cold only -6 degree Celsius but with clear sky. The whole city was under the thick snow; however, the city was really lively by the locals who came out to use this one-day chance to clear snow from their home and moved their cars to underground parking which the city just announced to waive all parking fee, good news for me.
Unfortunately, because of heavy snow, all the attractions and most of the shops and restaurants were closed. Even it was closed, the Ducal Palace complex was really a main attraction for its sheer size compared to other places in town, the view of its front façade from the square in front of the City Gate was classic postcard. From there I took an elevator to upper part of the city and aimlessly walked around the city along the streets that full of piles of snow and broken ice. I walked to the famous steep …
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I visited this WHS in March 2012. Urbino maintained its Renaissance appearance throughtout the centuries and offers a really authentic experience.
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This is the town of steep streets, one of the steepest being via Raffaello, named for the artist who was born in a house on its slopes. At the top of the street in a shady park I found him as a bronze statue.
Besides the Ducal Palace and the Duomo the WHS includes a number of other palaces, notably Comunale, Odasi and Palma which I manged to find amongst the narrow streets.
There is no railway station in Urbino, so I reached the town by bus from Pesaro station.
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Urbino is a pretty hill town in the Marches region, just a few kilometres inland from the Adriatic coast. It experienced a relatively short period of power in the 15th century, and has since been known as a treasure trove of the Renaissance. The main sight is the Ducal Palace, which today houses a museum of Renaissance art. This is a very nice attraction, but the rest of the town is not so different from many other Italian towns. I also saw the cathedral (rebuilt in the 19th century after an earthquake, and not really impressive from the inside) and tried to see Raphael's birthplace (closed for lunch break...).
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The Duke's Palace can be admired from afar. It is the landmark of this town and a pretty sight too. To reach it, it takes some climbing in the steep streets of Urbino. It's a pleasant walk: Urbino is a university town, which gives it a lively atmosphere. There are plenty of cheap eateries in any case!
So I arrived at the Duke's Palace and found it partly hidden under a covering. A sign said that reconstruction would finish in April 2009. Had I come in vain then? I almost retraced my steps, when I noticed a small sign pointing to an alternative entrance. The guard on the lookout took me straight through the museum and delivered me to the ticket window. So for 4 EUR, I was to see it all anyway.
The palace is huge, and every room has ornamented doors and fireplaces. The building now serves as the National Gallery. This museum must be an art student's dream. Room after room of valuable paintings from the 15th and 16th centuries. And statues and tapestries too.
I gave it about an hour and also sped through the megalomanic Duomo next door.
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I recently returned from a 5 day stay in Urbino to visit with my daughter who is taking a summer course at the Univerity there. This was NOT enough time to explore this wonderful city. I stayed in a great hotel across the street from the Ducal Palace. (The San Domenico) It was an old convent that has been re-invented as a classy and beautiful hotel. Each day I'd walk the hilly streets while my daughter was in class. The gelato ofcourse was a wonderful way to combat the heat, and I was averaging 2 new flavors a day! At night we walked to the piazza and sat with the locals and tourists alike, drinking wine and having dinner at the outdoor cafes. We would sit on the church steps and marvel at where we were and how ancient those actual steps were. I still can't get over the old people walking the steep streets. There are a lot of young people ofcourse, and plenty of night clubs to visit.
A good day trip is to take the bus right at the bottom of the city walls to Pesaro. The buses leave Urbino about once every hour. Pesaro is a beautiful beach town on the Adriatic Coast. From there you can catch a train to almost anywhere. The people in Urbino are so nice, and helpful. We had a great time and I recommend this little gem of a town to people who like the perfect mix of tourism and …
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Dear Els Slots,
This is one review I never thought I would write, enthusiastic as I am about this city, concerned that it maintain the atmosphere that I enjoyed so much during a four-day stay in 1996, and not eager to see it ovewhelmed with people who would not appreciate it, including the elegant and friendly bar I happened upon. The friend I was with and I agreed that we would tell no one about this place. I know you will understand. However, since it is on your site, I will say something about it.
As long as I have known who Rafael of Urbino was, it did not dawn on me that this would be the same place, when I drove down from Ravenna to Pesaro (wonderful lunch there) and up to Urbino. It is the home of the invisible University, housed as it is in the existing monasteries and other church buildings from its magnificent past.
I found Raphael's home, and could imagine the charmed life he must have lived there, the youth and adolescence he experienced until he attained something like adulthood, such a short adulthood. I had never known before what it would have been like to be an Italian aristocrat of the Renaissance. I know now.
The chapel of San Giovanni contains one of the most striking and effective frescoes I have ever seen; called "curious" in Michelin, but much more than merely curious. That fresco is worth a trip to Italy. The chapel is …
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