India
Taj Mahal
The Taj Mahal is an Indo-Islamic mausoleum with unique aesthetic qualities.
It was built in the 17th century as a tomb for the favourite wife of Mughal emperor Shah Jahan. The building in white marble shows perfect symmetry. Innovative also was its position at the end of the garden, giving perspective to the views of the monument, and the four free-standing minarets. Situated on the banks of the Yamuna River, the walled complex further includes two mosques and an imposing gateway.
Community Perspective: “some sites are so iconic, there seems to be nothing more one can add”. Nan however “felt a sort of emptiness creeping up”.
Site Info
Official Information
- Full Name
- Taj Mahal (ID: 252)
- Country
- India
- Status
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Inscribed 1983
Site history
History of Taj Mahal
- 1983: Inscribed
- Inscribed
- WHS Type
- Cultural
- Criteria
- i
Links
- UNESCO
- whc.unesco.org
All Links
UNESCO.org
- whc.unesco.org — whc.unesco.org/
Related Resources
- tajmahal.gov.in — Taj Mahal - Department of Tourism
- asi.nic.in — Archaeological Survey of India
News Article
- July 20, 2023 edition.cnn.com — Floodwaters reach iconic Taj Mahal
- May 31, 2020 deccanherald.com — Storm damages Taj Mahal's marble railing,claims three lives
- Nov. 7, 2019 edition.cnn.com — Taj Mahal gets its own air purifiers as India chokes on smog
- Sept. 12, 2019 edition.cnn.com — Taj Mahal to open on selected nights
- Jan. 25, 2019 dailymail.co.uk — Guards arm themselves with catapults after spate of attacks on tourists by monkeys at the Taj Mahal
- Dec. 12, 2018 rt.com — Indians hit with 400% increase in Taj Mahal ticket prices, tourists only 20%
- Nov. 13, 2018 ucanews.com — Indian Muslims upset over Taj Mahal prayer restrictions
- Feb. 14, 2018 gulfnews.com — Taj introduces Rs200 fee for main mausoleum, hikes entry fee
- Jan. 3, 2018 ndtv.com — Government To Cap Visitors To Taj Mahal At 40,000 Per Day
- Nov. 22, 2017 livelaw.in — No Multi-Level Parking In Taj Trapezium Zone
- Oct. 30, 2017 theguardian.com — Hardline Hindu nationalists campaign against Taj Mahal
- Aug. 30, 2016 timesofindia.indiatimes.com — Visitors entry into Taj may be limited
- May 19, 2016 ibtimes.co.in — Attacks by insects lead to green spots on Taj Mahal
- March 20, 2016 indiatoday.intoday.in — Taj Mahal sees a major fall in foreign tourist arrivals
- Nov. 18, 2015 theguardian.com — Crematorium near Taj Mahal must be moved
- Oct. 23, 2015 economictimes.indiatimes.com — Heritage experts say no to illumination of Taj Mahal
- Jan. 3, 2015 timesofindia.indiatimes.com — Number of foreign visitors to Taj Mahal on wane
- Oct. 12, 2013 petapixel.com — Miss Universe Faces sanctions for Photo Shoot at Taj Mahal
- Oct. 4, 2012 bbc.co.uk — Taj Mahal replica to be built in Dubai
- Aug. 6, 2009 telegraph.co.uk — The Taj Mahal is to be surrounded by ropewalks, a suspension bridge, cable cars and a Ferris wheel under a plan critics have branded 'insensitive'
- Jan. 3, 2009 hindu.com — Seven-foot-long slab of red sandstone fell off at the Taj Mahal
Community Information
- Community Category
- Secular structure: Burial
Travel Information
One million visitors or more
Recent Connections
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Perfect Inscriptions
1983 -
Ella Maillart
Photographed in front of it in 1957See …
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Sir Wilfred Thesiger
1978See prmprints.com
Connections of Taj Mahal
- Individual People
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Shah Jahan
Built as a tomb for his beloved wife, Empress Mumtaz Mahal. -
Diana, Princess of Wales
Had an iconic photo taken there in 1992 ("a picture of loneliness")See www.people.com
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Ella Maillart
Photographed in front of it in 1957 -
Marianne North
See www.kew.org
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Lord Curzon
Curzon personally initiated and even part-funded restoration of the gardens at the Taj. He also provided 2 lamps to replace ones looted during an 18th C conflict between Mughals and the Hindu Kingdom of Baratpur.See scroll.in
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Sir Wilfred Thesiger
1978See prmprints.com
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Gertrude Bell
Photo taken 27 December 1902 -
Elias Burton Holmes
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Nelson Mandela
"he chose the land of Gandhi, whom he called his 'political guru" and a "role model", as his first destination abroad in 1990 after spending 27 years behind bars." - during that trip he received India's highest civilian award, the Bharat Ratna medal, and also visited the Taj Mahal -
King Charles III
Famously he was NOT present when in February 1992 his wife "Princess Diana" had "that photo" taken of her all alone at this monument to "love" and thus announced to the world her emotional "separation" from him
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- Geography
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Ganges Basin
On banks of Yamuna River (joins the Ganges at Allahabad)
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- Trivia
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In Video Games
Civilization VI; Civilization VII -
Voyager Golden Record
Color imageSee en.wikipedia.org
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Modelled after
Taj Mahal is modelled after Humayun's Tomb -
Modern Board Games
Taj Mahal (2000) -
One million visitors or more
The Taj Mahal receives 7 to 8 million visitors every year (including both domestic and foreign), according to the mausoleum's official website. // 8 million (2017) -
The Beatles
In 1966, George Harrison went to India for six weeks. He stayed at the Taj Mahal hotel in Mumbai (which is unfortunately just outside the core zone, although it is Victorian Gothic). But at some point during the trip, he had his photo taken in front of the actual Taj Mahal. -
Replica in Legoland
Legoland Malaysia, Legoland Dubai -
Depicted in the Ravensburger World Wide Series
Taj Mahal edition -
Google Doodles
26 January 2020, India Republic Day 2020See www.google.com
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Buildable in Lego
5923 piecesSee shop.lego.com
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Tobu World Square
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Viewable from another WHS
Can be seen from Agra Fort 2.5kms away - e.g. most famously from Musamman BurjSee en.wikipedia.org
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- History
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Mughal Empire
built by Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan -
Located in a Former Capital
Agra, the former capital of Mughal Empire (1526 - 1658) -
Thomas Cook Round the World tour 1872-1873
c Feb 1873 "...where the celebrated Taj mausoleum stands prominent among all the monumental edifices in the world"
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- Architecture
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Chahar Bagh Gardens
"The garden that beautifies Taj comes from the Persian Timurid style of gardens, and is based on the concept of paradise garden' and was brought in by Babur. This garden, filled with flowers, fruits, birds, leaves, symmetry, and delicacy, served many functions along with portraying strong symbolic or abstract meanings about paradise. A paradise which, according to Islamic beliefs, consists of four rivers: one of water, one of milk, one of honey, and one of wine." -
Domes
White marble dome -
Indo-Islamic architecture
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Muqarnas
At the domes
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- World Heritage Process
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Perfect Inscriptions
1983 -
Single Monuments
Text reference only (early nomination). Also meets criterion i: masterpiece of human creative genius. -
Inscribed on a single criterion only
i. to represent a masterpiece of human creative genius
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- Religion and Belief
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Legends and Folk Myths
Black Taj Mahal
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- Constructions
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Leaning Tower
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Caravanserai
See en.wikipedia.org
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Mausolea
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Cenotaph
cenotaphs of Shah Jahan and Mumtaz Mahal
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- WHS on Other Lists
- Timeline
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Built in the 17th century
1631-1648
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- WHS Hotspots
- Visiting conditions
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Shoe covers required
To visit the actual tomb -
Foreigner prices
Indian Visitors: Rs.50, Citizen of SAARC and BIMSTEC countries: Rs.540, Other Foreign Visitor Rs.1100.
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- WHS Names
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Named after individual people
Shah Jahan's wife Mumtaz Mahal (which actually is a title, "the exalted one of the palace")See en.wikipedia.org
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Minor Planet named after them
See fr.wikipedia.org
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- 18
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Poetic Quotations
"An aspiration fixed. A sigh made stone" H G Keene "The Taj" 1879 -
Famous Love Stories
Shah Jahan and Mumtaz Mahal -
In Disney and Pixar Animation Classics
Aladdin -
Featured in the Go Jetters
Series 1: Episode 15: The Taj Mahal -
In The Simpsons
“Lisa’s Sax” (1997); “When You Dish Upon a Star” (1998); “Eight Misbehavin’” (1999); “Marge vs. Singles, Seniors, Childless Couples and Teens and Gays” (2004); “Kiss Kiss Bang Bangalore” (2006); “Father Knows Worst” (2009) -
James Bond in Movies
Octopussy (1983) -
Works by Nobel Prize winning authors
Rabindranath Tagore (1913) - "Shah Jahan" -
Location for a classic movie
Slumdog Millionaire (2008, Best Picture at Academy Awards and Golden Globes, Best Film at BAFTA), Shiraz (silent film from 1928)See en.wikipedia.org
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News
- edition.cnn.com 07/20/2023
- Floodwaters reach iconic Taj Mahal
- deccanherald.com 05/31/2020
- Storm damages Taj Mahal's marble r…
- edition.cnn.com 11/07/2019
- Taj Mahal gets its own air purifie…
Recent Visitors
Visitors of Taj Mahal
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Community Reviews
Show full reviews
When I visited India in January 2014 I figured a trip to the Taj Mahal was a must. I had seen so many pictures and I wanted to actually be there. So I booked a flight from Southern India (warm) to Jaipur (cold) and made my way east to Agra.
And there it was... The Taj... As seen before on all those pretty pictures. But after spending some time on the site, looking at the architecture, the gardens, the interior of the Taj, ... I felt a sort of emptiness creeping up. Being there didn't add anything to what I had already seen on pictures. I actually think it reduced the value of the site to me. I asked myself why, and I came up with a few reasons:
- Build for Show
The Taj looks great on post cards, but to me the details are lacking. The garden's aren't great, the surrounding buildings or the interiors neither. I have been to Cordoba and the Alhambra and those buildings are on a whole different artistic level. - Purpose
This is a site labelled a monument of love to the emperor's dead wife. To me, though, this felt like a monument to the greatness and power of the builder, not his deceased wife. The site did not invoke any sense of mourning about a lost one in me. Contrast that with Humayun's Tomb in Delhi where I really felt like a lost one was gone. - Purpose Continued
As …

Calling this WHS a beauty is an understatement. I visited the Taj Mahal in December 2011 and spent 2-3 days exploring and taking in this wonder. The first morning rays of sunrise lifting the thick mist off the Taj Mahal is an unforgettable experience. The Taj appears before your eyes gradually almost as if it were floating in the air. A pair of Egyptian Vultures were soaring in the sky above the main white marble dome. The symmetry and architecture of the whole site is mind-bogging and it is so huge that it never seems to be overcrowded. Don't go there with an organised tour for a quick rush through the site. Take your time to admire one of the wonders of the world!
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A truly stunning experience. Walking through the gate building and there it presents itself in all its splendour and glory: the Taj Mahal. Not too crowded (may 2010). As a part of a trip to northern India, the golden triangle, this was the summit.
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I visited the Taj in 1987 but it doesn't really matter , does it? It's timeless. I was going to actually give the Taj a pass and skip it. After all, how many times has one seen the Taj in movies, images, brochures etc. Many times. But coincidentally, the train route i was taking from Calcutta to Bombay made a needed stop in Agra.
I arrived pre dawn and had read in the guide book that the best time to view the Taj was at sunrise, sunset, or under the stars and moon. So by chance I had arrived at an opportune time. I hired a boy who pedalled a rickshaw but he went the wrong way! yep. I couldn't believe it. Eventually we got there and i was the first one in! It helps to get there early! I managed to get a photo with noone in the foreground. I was pleased with that.
Part of the magic of seeing the Taj in person is the way the light of the sun and moon play off the marble. The mood of the Taj literally changes . It really is a remarkable experience. I also saw it in the early evening and the mood and sillouette of the Taj impressive. Best seen early or late to avoid the crowds.
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Some sites Machu Pichu, The Pyramids, Petra are hard to review because they are so icconic, that there seems to be nothing more one can add.
The Taj Mahal is another such WHS, which like the afore mentioned places, really does take one's breath away; such is the power of it's radiant marble symetry.
However it does not function just upon a grandiose scale, up close the exquisite workmanship stuns, the gardens are seductive, and the ancillery buildings shield you from what by comparrison is the vulgar and mundane of the outside world.
I'm told the whole ensemble is supposed to be a relisation of heaven on earth. Did they succeed? Well if you can go and decide for yourself, it might just be the closest you get in this life to paradise.
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Kipling said it was the 'Gateway through which all dreams must pass'.
Tagore said that is was 'A tear on the face of Eternity'.
Those descriptions sum this wonderful place up better than anything I could say. It's just a shame about the entry fees.
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At first light of dawn, when a cool breeze fills the air and the morning sun shines on the palace, Taj Mahal is at its height of beauty. Set against the azure skyline, it looks like a mirage in a desert - the greatest monument to love.
It was exactly like this when, on an early December morning, I made my first visit to the legendary monument. It is certainly also true that it is a very special view to see the early morning sun rays embrace this absolutely magnificent white marbled tomb.
The story has been told many times - of Shah Jahan's favorite wife Mumtaz Mahal,
who died at the age of 39 when delivering a child and the greif that then made the Shah immortalize their love by building the 'dream in marble' - 22 years in the making with the help of over 22.000 craftsmen.
History tells that when Shah Jahan started to plan for his OWN mausoleum to be built in black marble across the river Yamuna, his son had just about enough of his fathers spending and locked him up in the Agra Fort. And there he sat until the day he died, gazing at the distant tomb of his long-lost wife. Almost makes you want to shed a tear, right..?
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