Singapore
Singapore Botanic Gardens
The Singapore Botanic Gardens comprise a garden landscape that started as a British tropical colonial botanic garden.
The gardens were created in 1859, and have been a centre for plant research since. They played a pivotal role in the region's rubber trade boom in the early twentieth century, when they headed research into the plant's cultivation. By perfecting the technique of rubber extraction and promoting its economic value to planters in the region, rubber output expanded rapidly.
Community Perspective: Easily accessible by metro from the city center and the airport. Feels more like a park than a heritage botanic garden, and the rubber connection isn’t obvious. Most consider that its highlight is the National Orchid Garden, which – in contrast to the rest of the Botanic Gardens – requires an entrance fee.
Site Info
Official Information
- Full Name
- Singapore Botanic Gardens (ID: 1483)
- Country
- Singapore
- Status
-
Inscribed 2015
Site history
History of Singapore Botanic Gardens
- 2015: Inscribed
- Inscribed
- WHS Type
- Cultural
- Criteria
- ii
- iv
Links
- UNESCO
- whc.unesco.org
All Links
UNESCO.org
- whc.unesco.org — whc.unesco.org/
Related Resources
- nparks.gov.sg — Singapore Botanic Gardens
News Article
- Nov. 22, 2015 channelnewsasia.com — Singapore Botanic Gardens set to be bigger, better by 2018
- July 11, 2015 todayonline.com — Gardens celebrating SG50 with rare orchid showcases
- May 11, 2013 news.xinhuanet.com — Singapore Botanic Garden to build heritage museum
Community Information
- Community Category
- Secular structure: Park or garden
- Cultural Landscape: Clearly defined
Travel Information
One million visitors or more
WHS Commandments Stars
Recent Connections
-
Perfect Inscriptions
2015 -
WHS Commandments Stars
Scores on all 10 criteria -
Rubber
"Criterion (ii): The Singapore Botanic …
Connections of Singapore Botanic Gardens
- Individual People
-
-
Sir Stamford Raffles
The first Botanic Gardens were set up by Sir Stamford Raffles, before move to the current site -
King Chulalongkorn of Siam (Rama V)
visited 1871
-
- Geography
-
-
Situated in one of the SIDS
-
Located in a Capital City
Singapore, Capital of Singapore
-
- Trivia
-
-
On Banknotes
Tembusu Tree in SBG is on the back of 5$ SGD banknote -
One million visitors or more
receives about 4.5 million visitors annually (wiki 2025) -
Built or owned by British
colonial government -
Built or Owned by Chinese
Hoo Ah Kay, original land owner, played a key role in the development of the Gardens in 1859
-
- History
-
-
Inscribed in connection with an anniversary
Singapore 50th year of Republic
-
- Ecology
-
-
Notable Trees
Heritage Rubber, Tembusu Tree -
Orchids
National Orchid Garden -
Rainforests
-
- Architecture
-
-
French (formal) garden
Sundial Garden -
Octagons
Band stand -
Iron Structures
Victorian Cast Iron Gazebo and gates, two of the landmarks of SGB -
Art Deco
many black and white British bungalows shows how the style incorporated elements of UK's Arts and Crafts and Art Deco movements -
English garden
SGB heritage zone
-
- World Heritage Process
-
-
Perfect Inscriptions
2015 -
First inscriptions
Singapore (2015) -
Only WHS in their country
-
- Human Activity
-
-
Rubber
"Criterion (ii): The Singapore Botanic Gardens has been a centre for plant research in Southeast Asia since the 19th century, contributing significantly to the expansion of plantation rubber in the 20th century" (OUV) -
Forced labour during WWII
Australian POW built brick steps to Plant HouseSee lionraw.com
-
Canopy Walkways
SPH Walk of Giants: "an elevated boardwalk which measures approximately 260 m in length and takes visitors from ground level up to a height of 8 m. The boardwalk brings visitors up-close to a diversity of plant species that are found in lowland rainforests in the region."
-
- Constructions
-
-
Bandstand
-
Tombs
historic Chinese tombs -
Greenhouse
the Cool House -
Sundial
Sundial Garden -
Historical Zoos
from 1875 - 1913 SBG was the main zoo of the Straits Settlements
-
- Timeline
-
-
Built in the 19th Century
from 1822
-
- Science and Technology
-
-
Innovations in Agriculture
the 1890s invention of the herring-bone method of tapping on Rubber Tree -
Botanical Gardens
-
Scientific Developments
Research into Botanical diversity
-
- Visiting conditions
-
-
WHS Commandments Stars
Scores on all 10 criteria -
Free entrance
-
News
- channelnewsasia.com 11/22/2015
- Singapore Botanic Gardens set to b…
- todayonline.com 07/11/2015
- Gardens celebrating SG50 with rare…
- news.xinhuanet.com 05/11/2013
- Singapore Botanic Garden to build …
Recent Visitors
Visitors of Singapore Botanic Gardens
- 4lex
- AC
- Adrian Turtschi
- AFisher
- Afshin Iranpour
- Ailton007
- AK
- akacesfan
- Akhilpreeti
- Alberto Rodriguez Gutierrez
- Alejandro Lau
- Alexander Barabanov
- Alexander Parsons
- Alex Baranda
- Alex Goh
- Alex Marcean
- AlexSchedel
- Ali Zingstra
- Allegrazwindow
- Allnamesused
- A. Mehmet Haksever
- amitlchoudhuryjbp
- Ammon Watkins
- Ana Lozano
- Andrea Szabo
- Andrew Wembridge
- Angel Ying Liu
- Anna Olshäll
- Ansitong
- anthonybonbon
- Ari Kailash
- Artur Anuszewski
- ashombob
- Ask Gudmundsen
- Aspasia
- Atila Ege
- Atuzhikova
- Balu93
- Bamse
- Bauchat
- Ben Pastore
- Bernard Joseph Esposo Guerrero
- Bill Maurmann
- Boj
- Bossc
- Bram de Bruin
- Brendan Carroll
- Bspooner
- byronb
- c82wc1
- CampbellME
- campmany
- Can SARICA
- Carlo Medina
- Carlo Sarion
- Carlos Garrido
- CascadianRain
- CeeMon
- Celina Nanbara
- Chalamphol Therakul
- chapnis
- chenboada
- ChenMing
- chenqtao
- Chen Taotao
- Chenzhiwen
- Cheryl
- chiuliqi
- Chole Ross
- ChrisN
- Christoph
- Christravelblog
- Chunsian01
- Clem C
- Clyde
- Col
- Collisions
- Corinne Vail
- Crinion
- ctravel
- cumulus
- cutecid
- cwthong
- Cyberczar
- daneva
- Dani Cyr
- Daniel C-Hazard
- Danniella
- Danny L
- David Marton
- David Pastor de la Orden
- d.dedisse@vogo.fr
- Deirdre.An
- delacec
- Dhhtravel
- DimiFW
- Dimitar Krastev
- DjhMck
- Don Irwin
- Dorejd
- DouglasR
- Dr. Caligari
- Dutchnick
- Dwight Zehuan Xiao
- Dylan
- Eatexplore57
- Ecritures
- Elf21
- Elis
- Elisabeth Fransisca Situmorang
- eljx1988
- Els Slots
- Erfe91
- Errol Neo
- Eva Kisgyorgy
- Fahmi Bakar
- farikica
- Farinelli
- Federico P.
- Felicité
- Femke Roos
- Fotoula
- Foxhill
- Francky D'Hoop
- Frankwsolak
- Frédéric M
- Frederik Dawson
- Gabbro
- gcjdavid
- geographybuff
- George Evangelou
- George Gdanski
- GeorgeIng61
- GerhardM
- Gernot
- Gilles
- Gillian Taylor
- giloudepuertorico
- GithaK
- giulio25
- Grzegorz Andruszkiewicz
- Guy00
- Haining Guan
- halryder
- Hanming
- Harald T.
- Harry Mitsidis
- H Beswick
- headventure
- henrik_hannfors
- henryjiao18
- heywhatever2
- History Fangirl
- htupaz
- Hurrvinek
- hyoga
- Iain Jackson
- Ingatastic
- IreneKD
- isabellemarais
- Ivan
- Ivan Rucek
- ivantham
- Izzet Ege
- Jakob Frenzel
- Jana and Matt
- Janos
- Jan-Willem
- Jarek Pokrzywnicki
- Jarrod_Byham
- Javier
- Javier Coro
- Jawnbeary
- Jay T
- jballard650
- Jean Lecaillon
- Jeanne OGrady
- Jeffrey Chai Ran
- Jezza
- João Aender
- Joel on the Road
- Johan
- John Smaranda
- Johnson Zhao
- Jon Opol
- Jonoprout
- Joshuakirbens
- Joyce van Soest
- Judit Dalla
- jungliemonkey
- Jun Zhou
- Juropa
- KAO
- Kasia M.
- Kelise
- Kelly Henry
- kelseyyurek
- Ken DJ
- Kevin247
- Kevin McFarland
- Khuft
- kiank37
- Kim, Soo-youn
- Kjlauer
- Kjsisney
- Knut
- Koen Vliegenthart
- Kurt Lauer
- Kyle Magnuson
- Lameduck99
- Larry F
- Lars Bogstad
- Lee Kai Loong
- Leontine Helleman
- Liamps91
- Lindsay N
- Linz
- Lithobates
- Longdutch
- Luboang
- Lucas Del Puppo
- Ludvan
- Luis Filipe Gaspar
- Lukas_PV
- Luke LOU
- Maciej Gil
- mademmer
- Mahuhe
- mamc
- manman2411
- MarcoB_0
- Marcobrey
- Marina
- Marinemajor
- Martina Rúčková
- Martin Richardson
- Marton Kemeny
- Mateusz
- Matthewrw
- Matthewsharris
- Melinda Baumann
- merveil
- Mia esguerra
- Michael anak Kenyalang
- Michael Ayers
- Michael Novins
- michaelsballard
- Michael Turtle
- Michal Marciniak
- Miguel Marquez
- Mihai Dascalu
- Mike
- mikeyboyracer
- Mikko
- Miloš Tašković
- Mkandasa
- mkmor9913
- monchan5396
- Morodhi
- Mtlmr
- MWaters66
- Nafis N
- Naim Y
- nan
- NataliaS
- nathan
- NH1984
- Nick Kuzmyak
- Nihal Ege
- ninifishes
- NonDuality
- Nykri
- _oscar
- Oscar Wu
- Ovalarezo
- PabloNorte
- Panacci
- patphilly
- Patrik
- Patrik_globe
- Paulino Michelazzo
- Paul Schofield
- Pchxiao
- peacemaker2142
- Persian Globetrotter
- PeterA
- Petteri
- Philipp Leu
- Philipp Peterer
- phillipmeng
- Pink Bunny
- plutomu
- Potsdamer
- Rainlover91125
- Randi Thomsen
- Randy Aliwarga, MD
- ReallyDeepThoughts
- reddargon
- reinhardt
- Reiseblitz
- Reza
- Riccardo Quaranta
- Richard Stone
- Rickard Alfredsson
- Rick Ohm
- Riomussafer
- Rodinia
- rogerding
- Roger Ourset
- Roland
- Royacurt
- Rudegirl
- S. Anril Tiatco
- Sascha Grabow
- Sclowitz
- Sebastian
- Sergio Arjona
- Shandos Cleaver
- SHIHE HUANG
- Shombob
- sibariam
- Simonf
- Slavi
- sncjob
- Socon
- Solivagant
- Stanislaw Warwas
- stephanvermeulen
- Stephen Brooker
- stephhollett
- SteveD92
- Sutul
- Svein Elias
- SymonMajewski
- Szabolcs Mosonyi
- Szucs Tamas
- Tammy Gouldstone
- Thanneermalai L
- therabidcow
- Thomas Buechler
- Thomas van der Walt
- Thorben
- Timonator
- Timothy C Easton
- Tinamu
- tingmelvin
- Tom Livesey
- Tommy W
- Toxicologist
- Travelure
- Tree99
- triath
- Trine
- Tristal
- Truls Brekke
- Twobaconsandaboston
- Vanessa Buechler
- vanessacmc
- Van Hung
- Vicente B. Avanzado Jr.
- Victoria | Bridges and Balloons
- Vincent Cheung
- Vlad Lesnikov
- VMThumper
- voyager
- Walajordan
- Walter
- wantrain.
- Waxwing
- Wimmy
- Wojciech Fedoruk
- Wo_ko
- Wolfgang Sander
- Xiong Wei
- Xiquinho Silva
- Yi Han Goh
- Yongcheng Liu
- YY
- Zach
- zman5455
- Zoë Sheng
- Zos M
- ZZSong
Community Reviews
Show full reviews
This is going to be a totally biased review since it is about the only WHS (to date) in my country.
Amongst its claim to being deserving of WHS status was that it is the only tropical botanical site and institution meeting the requisites for listing, which seems to be fair when a comparison is made with other tropical gardens. Its relatively young age might detract from its worthiness, though. That said, it is a pleasant, easy visit as it is a literal walk in the park, with modern amenities and public transportation within easy reach.
Keep reading 0 comments
I believe there were some updates in the last few years because there are clear signs when you enter the UNESCO area as well as maps to explain which area are the UNESCO area. Knowing this you don't waste your time exploring the northern playground part and go directly to the area you want. I saw NORTH because that's what the maps shows but Singapore has the tendandency to show a map with north going not up so I don't actually know.
Most of the park is free aside from the Orchid Garden which costs a small fee. It's definitely worth seeing the orchids. The outside one have blatantly been planted but the greenhouse alone is worth seeing. You should also go through it twice just to enjoy the lovely flowers. The rest of the botanical garden is rather meh.
There are lizards, turtles, birds, many plants and treees, you won't be disappointed really. There are also temp special exhibitions that don't really related the the world heritage such as fig plants (it keeps changing, I think figs was 2024). It's good to be in an air-conditioned section though.
On my second visit I wanted to see parts of the gardens I hadn't visited before but during the day this doesn't seem to be special. I think at night the frogs, spiders, bats?, even snakes come out. At last when it gets darker. The entire "rainforest" section was empty during the day although I still preferred that …
Keep reading 0 comments
The Singapore Botanic Gardens are one of a number a botanic gardens the British constructed across their empire. The main claim to fame of the Singapore one is that it was here that rubber was first cultivated outside South America. They also contributed significantly to the research of orchids.
During my visit, the nicest parts were the jungle portions of the park. You are still well in the city, but they managed to recreate a small accessible wilderness in the park including animal wildlife. So many cute lizards and snakes. The other highlight is the orchid garden, but as I understand the core zone borders this is not part of the core site. Update: Jay pointed out that I was mistaken. The orchids are included. And after consulting the map, I have to concur.
The garden pales in comparison to the Botanical Garden at Kew regarding scientific breakthroughs, landscaping and importance for the field of botany. Limiting myself to tropical gardens, I feel that the Botanical Garden of Ooty in Southern India was a more stellar example of an English tropical garden. And in our recent Top Missing exercise I found many more colonial gardens all across the world. I am not fully convinced that this is the best example and a serial nomination would have been more appropriate in my eyes.
Getting There
For those staying in Singapore, the obvious option is to take the subway. For those on a layover in Singapore, given enough …
Keep reading 0 comments
September 2012 - I decided to fly to New Zealand to visit my sister, who was there for one year. A stopover in Chiangi, gave me just enough time to put my feet on Asian Ground for the first time and to see a bit of Singapore.
It has some interesting modern architecture, food courts with panasian specialities, a Chinatown, little India and colonial history. But the only whs worthy place is probably the botanic garden. The airline allowed me to have a free roundtour on the Island. So i took the bus to the garden. Except the Orchidee garden, the entrance is even for free.
Although I was not at all adapted to the tropical heat and moisture I enjoyed seeing all these terrific plants and the garden architecture. I spent about 1,5-2 hours here. I was even happier when I got to know 3 years later, that it became a WHS.
Keep reading 0 comments
I visited this WHS in January 2018. Even if you have a couple of hours to spare in Singapore, this is an easy tick (even though Singapore as a country deserves a longer stay).
The Botanic Gardens are open daily from 5am till midnight and are a great half day or day trip in Singapore if you want to explore in more detail. There are 4 gates to access the Botanical Gardens: Tanglin Gate, Tyersall Gate, Nassim Gate and Bukit Timah Gate. If you intend to cover all the botanic garden use Tanglin and Bukit Timah Gates as you points of entry/exit. There are UNESCO WHS inscription plaques proudly displayed at Tanglin and Nassim Gates.
The gardens are free of charge but to access the National Orchid Garden (open daily 08:30 to 19:00) which is the core of this WHS you'll have to pay 5 dollars (it's definitely worth it!). With over 1000 species and 2000 hybrids, the National Orchid Garden is the product of the Garden's orchid breeding programme which began in 1928. Near Tanglin Gate, you can actually see scientists, botanists and horticulturists working in the labs. The Garden offers a permanent showcase and the largest display of orchids in the world. Some parts of this area are currently closed but it still is well worth the entrance fee for what you get to experience.
Established in 1859 by the Agrihorticultural Society, the Singapore Botanic Gardens were designed by Lawrence Niven, whose work reflected the English Garden style …
Keep reading 0 comments
I had less than 24 hours in Singapore when I visited in September 2012, but there was no way I was going to miss the Singapore Botanic Gardens. Accordingly, early in the morning the day after I arrived, I woke up and took a short subway ride to the gardens. The morning was humid, and a light mist rose from the trees as I entered the gardens. Fellow early risers were practicing tai chi on one of the vast lawns. I wandered around the grounds, admiring the trees and lakes, until the jewel of the site, the National Orchid Garden, opened. The orchids were exquisite, the blooms open in a profusion of red, orange, pink, and purple petals. The orchid garden requires a small entry fee, but it was well worth the expense. Singapore Botanic Gardens was inscribed on the World Heritage Site list as a tropical botanic garden that has proven vital for research and plant conservation -- particularly in supporting the cultivation of rubber on the Malay peninsula. The gardens are also Singapore's first World Heritage Site, and I think they are a beautiful addition to the list.
Logistics: The Singapore Botanic Gardens are easy to reach via subway (Botanic Gardens MRT station on Circle or Downtown lines), bus, or private transportation.
Keep reading 0 comments
I visited the Singapore Botanic Gardens. As i read the other reviews here I was not surprised nor disappointed. It was basically what i expect. Lots of green grass field, a part is rainforest (which is pretty unique inside a city). The Orchid garden was lovely; the colors and types.
I liked the place, and I think it deserves to be UNESCO WHS.
See the link for my photo gallery.
Keep reading 0 comments
Many visitors to the Singapore Botanic Gardens (SBG) will be underwhelmed, perhaps because of a tendency to treat the gardens as a natural site. Gardening in essense, is an incorporation of natural and human elements - no surprise also that the State Party submitted the nomination as a Cultural Landscape. It is admirable how this area remained intact despite the many pressures to urbanize - this is already an outstanding achievement in itself.
I have hopes that the evaluation result later in 2015 will favor Singapore's first UNESCO World Heritage nomination.
Keep reading 0 comments
When I first heard that the authorities were considering this nomination, I was extremely skeptical about it. My reaction was "But the place is so altered!" And yet in the comparison study, it is suggested that this one is the best example of a British tropical colonial botanic garden in the region. Comparisons were made with the ones in Penang and Hong Kong, among others.
There are other places in the country that have much more potential of passing the OUV test in my opinion. Unfortunately, as also observed by the previous reviewer, any inscription will affect development plans. In fact, I wonder how they are going to handle the large buffer zone around the Gardens if inscribed. I suspect some people may regret the nomination in the future. The people who should understand may not completely understand the implications of having WHS status.
That is of course not to say that I do not like my country's Botanic Gardens. It is definitely a wonderful place to take a walk in and be away from the city for a bit. However, these Botanic Gardens have always been to me just a large nice garden. Nevertheless, I will still support the nomination, even if I am not entirely convinced of its worthiness on the List. And since this is Singapore's first WHS, maybe the Committee will be extra lenient.
The nomination dossier can be found on the Singapore Botanic Gardens official website.
Keep reading 0 comments
On my three days business trip to Singapore, I found a time to visit the famous Singapore Botanic Gardens which actually seemed to be no problem as the garden opens every day from 5 AM to midnight, but I also wanted to visit the famed National Orchid Garden too and this section only opens till 7 PM, so after meeting I directly went to the park and arrived at 4 PM, a perfect late afternoon time to see the places and stayed in there until 8 PM before my dinner. The first thing I saw was the lovely light gray casted iron gate, a very charming entrance to the park, the park, except orchid garden, was free so no ticket booths or guards around. Inside the garden was full of exotic tropical plants in the very interesting mix landscape of English garden, tropical jungle and modern garden. There are small, lovely lakes, large lawn area with bandstand and palm trees next to a very lush forest like garden. I also saw heritage rubber tree which said to be one of the first group of rubber trees in Southeast Asia, this historical tree is very interesting as rubber plantation industry in this region was a result of this tree and become one of outstanding universal value reason that Singapore used to nominate the garden as World Heritage Site as economic garden.
Another highlight of the garden is orchid; in the garden I saw many kinds of orchid especially in the …
Keep reading 0 comments
The Botanic Gardens of Singapore! It will definitely be a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The inscription is truly worthy for a site that showcases remarkable human achievements and the exceptional contributions made to mankind. Without a doubt, this site will rise up to match the greatness of the Great Wall, the awe of the ancient Pyramids or Petra, and even the amazing Amazon.
It will be the most convenient site to be ever visited by any tourist. With the efficient, extensive and inexpensive metro system, it just takes less than 40 minutes from the airport or less than 10 minutes from the city centre to get to the front of the entrance of this wonderful garden. It is truly remarkable. With a free entrance, it will ensure that all visitors will be able to enjoy the gardens without any worries of any charges, without any discrimination, fair or favor.
Situated in the heart of the Garden City, this site truly embodies what a Garden City should be. It will further confirm what the current state is, a true Garden City. It houses many different species of orchids, of many different plants and herb species, which otherwise could not survive outside of a garden environment. It has a fundamental influence upon the economical development due to the research of economically important plants. Even without the inscription, it is visited by 4 million visitors a year. The target is to go up to seven and one. This will further confirm how true …
Keep reading 0 comments
Singapore accepted the World Heritage Convention only as recently as 2012, being one of the last sovereign countries to do so. Heritage of the tangible kind never has been much of a priority in Singapore. After independence in 1965, the focus has been on economical development at all cost. The recent interest in conserving heritage seems to be stimulated by NGOs such as the Singapore Heritage Society which spoke up about the remaking of Chinatown in 1998 and the demolition of the National Library building at Stamford Road in 2001.
Heritage however does play an important role in the "invented" Singaporean national identity: "Heritage binds Singapore and sells it. The development of Singapore into Asia's premier "Garden City" for example was initiated in 1963 by Lee Kuan Yew himself. In pursuing its first WHS, Singapore puts less emphasis on the tourism functions of World Heritage: the expected political and sociocultural returns appear more important.
The selection process for a possible WHS started already before 2012. In 2010, a study was commissioned by the Ministry of Information, Communications and the Arts to identify potential sites that could fulfill UNESCO's criteria as World Heritage Sites. Sites such as Haw Par Villa, Bukit Timah Nature Reserve and the former Ford Factory, were considered. Of the sites identified, the Singapore Botanic Gardens proved to be the strongest candidate. To date, it's the country's only TWHS and up for nomination in 2015 (the 50th anniversary of Singapore's independence).
The full nomination document …
Keep reading 0 comments