Cambodia
Preah Vihear Temple
The Preah Vihear Temple is a Hindu temple complex that is considered a masterpiece of Khmer architecture.
It is spectacularly situated atop a 525-meter cliff in the Dângrêk Mountains. The temple complex runs 800m along a north-south axis, linked by a system of pavements and staircases. Its carved stone decorations have been well-preserved due to the temple’s remote location.
Community Perspective: the reviews reflect the site’s disputed history between Thailand and Cambodia, reporting on easy access from Thailand (via the original access road) in 2007, a visit among military patrols and teams carrying out mine clearance operations from Cambodia in 2010, needing a permit in 2012, and “just arranging a driver and suffering through a bit of a rickety road from time to time” from 2018 onward. All enjoyed the breathtaking view from the top and the intricate stone carvings.
Site Info
Official Information
- Full Name
- Preah Vihear Temple (ID: 1224)
- Country
- Cambodia
- Status
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Inscribed 2008
Site history
History of Preah Vihear Temple
- 2007: Referred
- WHC recognizes its significance and will formally inscribe in 2008 if an appropriate management plan has been developed.
- 2008: Inscribed
- Inscribed
- WHS Type
- Cultural
- Criteria
- i
Links
- UNESCO
- whc.unesco.org
All Links
UNESCO.org
- whc.unesco.org — whc.unesco.org/
Forum Discussion
- worldheritagesite.org — Travelling logistics
Related Resources
- tourismcambodia.org — Tourism Cambodia
News Article
- March 20, 2018 phnompenhpost.com — Museum in Preah Vihear ready to open after 10 years preparing
- April 15, 2016 bangkokpost.com — Cambodia is considering allowing access to the Preah Vihear temple from the Thai side
- Sept. 5, 2015 nationmultimedia.com — Top court finds Noppadon innocent over Preah Vihear World Heritage listing affair
- Aug. 26, 2015 khmertimeskh.com — More foreigners visit Cambodia's Preah Vihear world heritage site
- Dec. 8, 2014 shanghaidaily.com — Unmanned drone explodes in sky over Preah Vihear temple area
- June 10, 2014 worldbulletin.net — Cambodia asks Thais to remove fence on disputed border
- Oct. 10, 2013 news.xinhuanet.com — Preah Vihear receives less visitors in first nine months due to floods
- April 23, 2013 bangkokpost.com — Thai threaten to boycot WHC for Cambodian management plan
- April 15, 2013 washingtonpost.com — Cambodia, Thailand seek clarification of 1962 world court ruling on disputed temple
- July 18, 2012 boston.com — Thai, Cambodian troops withdraw from disputed area
- Dec. 22, 2011 edition.cnn.com — Thailand and Cambodia to withdraw troops from around disputed temple
- Dec. 10, 2011 news.xinhuanet.com — Preah Vihear attracts 49,740 tourists in 11 months
- Sept. 14, 2011 english.peopledaily.com.cn — Number of tourists to Preah Vihear temple bounces back as border tension eases
- July 21, 2011 bloomberg.com — Thailand to Comply With Cambodian Temple DMZ Imposed by UN
- April 23, 2011 bloomberg.com — Thai and Cambodian troops clashed in a disputed border area today, killing at least four soldiers
- March 10, 2011 smh.com.au — Heritage temple hit in shelling, says Cambodia.
- Feb. 8, 2010 mcot.net — Thailand's Prime Minister stood firm that his government would not give up the contested 1.8 square miles area adjacent to the ancient Preah Vihear temple to Cambodia
- Dec. 14, 2009 news.bbc.co.uk — Preah Vihear site set for restoration
- April 4, 2009 google.com — Cambodia, Thai border clash leaves two dead
- Nov. 1, 2008 news.asiaone.com — Preah Vihear temple damaged in clashes
- Oct. 15, 2008 afp.google.com — Fighting erupts again along Thai-Cambodia border
- Oct. 7, 2008 phnompenhpost.com — $10 million spent to get Preah Vihear temple listed this year as a Unesco World Heritage site
- July 21, 2008 news.xinhuanet.com — Cambodia has complained to the UN Security Council that Thai forces violated its territory near the Preah Vihear Temple, where hundreds of troops continued to face off Sunday
- July 15, 2008 news.bbc.co.uk — Thailand has denied claims by Cambodia that its troops violated Cambodian territory in a disputed border area near an ancient Hindu temple.
- July 12, 2008 allheadlinenews.com — Thai Foreign Minister Quits Over Temple's World Heritage Status
- July 9, 2008 news.xinhuanet.com — After approval of world heritage listing on Tuesday, thousands of people went to the streets of Phnom Penh, danced, sang and waved Cambodian flags, chanting "Long live Preah Vihear Temple!"
Community Information
- Community Category
- Archaeological site: South (East) Asian
Travel Information
Siem Reap Hotspot
Recent Connections
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Shiva cult
"Both then and in the following centuri… -
Viewable from another WHS
From the top of Koh Ker's Pyramid -
Siem Reap Hotspot
Can be done on a combined day trip with…
Connections of Preah Vihear Temple
- Geography
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Antipodes points
LINES AND GEOGLYPHS OF NASCA AND PAMPAS DE JUMANA=TEMPLE OF PREAH VIHEAR S14 43 33 W75 08 55 = N14 23 18 E104 41 2 -
On National Border
On Thailand border -
Disputed territories
"In 1962 the ICJ ruled that only the temple building belonged to Cambodia, while the direct way to access the temple was from Thailand,[4] but currently, ..., the only access is from inside Cambodia." (wiki)
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- Trivia
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Viewable from another WHS
From the top of Koh Ker's Pyramid
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- History
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Khmer Empire
"The site of the Temple and its environment today represent a particularly significant example of the Khmer genius for adapting monuments to their environment" (AB ev) & " an ancient Khmer temple built during the period of the Khmer Empire" (wiki)
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- Architecture
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Built in Laterite
"Laterite blocks faced with sandstone are used where foundations were needed for columns." (AB ev) -
Brick architecture
"Brick was also used at Preah Vihear because it was easier to bring up from the plains on the Cambodian side than the sandstone from the site itself. Small bricks were used for the construction of corbelled vaulting." (AB ev)
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- Damaged
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Damaged in War since WWII
Thai-Cambodian border dispute. In February 2011, when Thai officials were in Cambodia negotiating the dispute, Thai and Cambodian troops clashed, resulting in injuries and deaths on both sides. Artillery bombardment in the area occurred during the conflict. The Cambodian government has claimed that damage occurred to the temple. However, a UNESCO mission to the site to determine the extent of the damage indicates that the destruction is a result of both Cambodian and Thai gunfire" (Wiki) -
Landmines
"The property was heavily mined during the Khmer Rouge period. The Cambodian Mine Action Centre has nearly finished clearing the area proposed for inscription. Some pockets remain to be dealt with on the north-east of the perimeter and close to the eastern stairway. After a short break this work began again in June 2006." (AB ev)
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- World Heritage Process
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Inscribed on a single criterion only
i. to represent a masterpiece of human creative genius -
Controversial at inscription
Cambodia leaves Thailand out of it and revises the boundaries of the site to be limited to the monument alone -
2 or more nominated criteria rejected by AB
Rejected: 3,4; Accepted: 1
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- Religion and Belief
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Hindu Sites in non Hindu countries
"the association with Hindu beliefs is further strengthened through the idea that the siting of the temple buildings on their massif in relation to mountain peaks to the east and west of the site, demonstrates an association with the Hindu divine triad of Vishnu, Shiva and Brahma." (AB ev) (Cambodia now is 97.1% Buddhist) -
Shiva cult
"Both then and in the following centuries, it was dedicated to the Hindu god Shiva in his manifestations as the mountain gods Sikharesvara and Bhadresvara." (wiki)See en.wikipedia.org
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- Human Activity
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Man-made Terraces
(stone terraces attached to the hills forming entraces and temple grounds)
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- Timeline
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Built in the 11th century
In the first half, during the King Suryavarman I (1002-50)
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- WHS Hotspots
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Siem Reap Hotspot
Can be done on a combined day trip with Koh Ker from Siem Reap. Distance to Preah Vihear is 207km.
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- Visiting conditions
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Foreigner prices
Foreigners pay 10 USD, and Cambodians get in for free.
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News
- phnompenhpost.com 03/20/2018
- Museum in Preah Vihear ready to op…
- bangkokpost.com 04/15/2016
- Cambodia is considering allowing a…
- nationmultimedia.com 09/05/2015
- Top court finds Noppadon innocent …
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Community Reviews
Show full reviews
Situated just 300 meter to the Thai border, this was a disputed area, until the international court of justice intervened on request of the Cambodian government, handing it to Cambodia, in 2008. Subsequently, it was declared a WHS site in the same year. From the top, one can actually see the Thai military outpost, boasting their national flag.
You're brought to the ticket office and transferred to a 4x4 vehicle. As the site is located at 620 masl, the temperatures are slightly more agreeable. when I visited there was no one else on the site. It's basically a giant causeway climbing 100 with 5 buildings/temples, in different states of deterioration/restauration, dating from the 9th to the 12th century. The name means holy pagoda, but is not the original name of the site.
Although big parts of the temples have collapsed and show different levels of deterioration, still, some amazingly hindu and buddha art can be appreciated carved into the locally quarried sandstone, including but not limited to shiva, vishnu, brahma. The views from the top are amazing, too.
Three countries are actively working on restoration of the site: China, India, USA, but, according to my guide they only communicate indirectly through UNESCO and the local restoration organisation.
Getting there
As of 2025, daily tours can be booked from Siem Reap, visiting both Preah Vihear and Koh Ker in one day for 100 USD.
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Seeing most photos of Preah Vihear with the clear blue skies, I can't help but wonder if my January 2023 experience visiting this great site might have felt different if the weather had been milder. Arriving at the top of the mountain after a long morning drive from Siem Reap, the fog and light drizzle gave me Machu Picchu vibes, especially as I approached the fifth gopura, the lowest one on the slope (you'll see the five in reverse order as you ascend). This fifth gopura was the least impressive and most ruined; the enchanting atmosphere, especially with the wide road sloping up into the heavens and the opposing stairs down into the fog of Thailand, was what made its appearance so exciting. Following the path up, each gopura revealed itself out of the fog slowly as I drew closer to them. Each one was more impressive than the last, and exploring them with the fog really made it feel like a lost wonder. However, the rain only got stronger, and I was eventually forced to use my raincoat to explore the rest. Sadly, with the fog, there was absolutely no view of the surrounding landscape and especially over the cliff of the Dangrek Mountains towards the Cambodian plains; the greatest thing to see at the viewpoint was the macaques playing in the puddles. So, while helping to instill the mystical vibe, I do feel like the fog and rain also detracted from savoring the beautiful setting of the site. …
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It is still quite the day trip from Siem Reap to reach Preah Vihear Temple. We left at 5 a.m., only to arrive 3.5 hours later at the parking lot where you have to pay for the ticket (10 USD) and a 4wd truck up to the mountain (25 USD). They had a number of trucks ready: although it seems like a remote place, it does see its fair share of local visitors and a daily trickle of foreigners. My driver, the recommended Mr. Smarty, hadn’t been there since 2019.
I did not have an image of what the site would look like, so it all was a bit of a surprise. It has a very different setting from the classic Khmer sites: not in the jungle, but out in the open on a protruding rock. An 800-m-long ceremonial causeway leads up to the main sanctuary, via sets of stairs and gateways with fine carvings. Overall, it reminded me a lot of Vat Phou in Laos with its nagas and sandstone posts along the way. Preah Vihear’s particular strength lies in its size and ‘sacred mountain’-like location. Also, Vat Phou has 'turned' Buddhist while Preah Vihear still mostly shows its Hindu origins (well, except for that monk handing out blessings in the sanctuary!).
The lower stairs and gateways are in a terrible state of repair, barely held upright with iron support beams. As with other archaeological sites in Cambodia, a lot of restoration is currently ongoing. Here …
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We organized a day trip from Siem Reap with a private car and a driver, a three hour drive. The temple site sits on the top of a 700 m high “mountain”. The ticket booth is down on the plain and you need to buy special transport to get up the steep hill. It’s $5 pp on a motorbike or $25 for a truck with 6 seats. Entrance is $10pp.
On site there are several bunkers from the dispute between Cambodia and Thailand. Prior to the inscription you could walk up the ancient holy path from the Thai side, but now that entrance is closed.
The site is a fairly large complex, stretching out on the ancient path. There are two very nice Naga snakes at the start of the temple area, then a few pavilions with some nice reliefs before entering the main temple.
The view is great from the cliff. We both liked the place. It was nice and quiet, few tourists, and some great stonework in a beautiful setting.
On the way back we with visited both Koh Ker (T) and Beng Mealea(T). You will need to start early in the morning to do a proper visit to all of the sites
### Randi & Svein Elias
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Fortunately, the visit to Preah Vihear nowadays is all a matter of arranging a driver and suffering through a bit of a rickety road from time to time. The worst of the border tensions are over and though you will pass posts with armed guards on your way the steep slope in the back of a 4x4, the overall ambience is chill, even though the weather is anything but.
We arrived around noon, having already seen Beng Mealea and Koh Ker that day. We bought tickets to enter the site and also paid for a return trip by a four-wheel-drive car to the entrance of the actual site which is up the mountain road. The ride is okay, the road is paved all the way up to the top and only the last two hundred metres where the trucks park is very uneven and full of potholes. The route that pointed us to the naga stairs actually lead through some kind of camp - some restoration works were still ongoing, so it was quite a curious walk. At least there was a viewing platform and some info on reconsntruction of the site at the end.
We followed the way up the Naga stairs, then another set of stairs to the different levels of temple structures. The most-preserved part of the temple is at the top of the complex, there is a working shrine inside. Actually one of the local boys was showing a monk that was there some …
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Preah Vihear is a Khmer mountain fortress about 250km from Angkor on the Thai border. From Preah Vihear you have a great view of the surrounding plains. I quickly understood why they chose the location and what purpose it served. I felt strongly reminded of other mountain fortresses, specifically Xochicalco in Mexico.
Most of the site consists of ruins. The most notable structures are the naga stair case and the big temple buildings at the top of the mountain. But to me the main asset is the great view you get.
While it's no Angkor, it is sufficiently distinct from it and offers a different glimpse into Khmer architecture and history. I felt it was a nice addition to my Angkor visit.
Getting There
Being based in Siem Reap I hired a driver for a day to take me to Preah Vihear. The driver dropped me off at the base of the mountain where the entry is located and waited for me.
The original price we negotiated for the ride was 100 USD. I then extended the trip to also visit nearby Koh Ker (T) and I paid 120 USD for a full day of driving. The roads overall were good and traffic not much of an issue.
Getting In
You cannot go up the mountain in your own car. You have to hire a local driver to take you up either on the back of a pickup truck (groups) or on a …
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It's not an easy place to get to but it's worth the effort. I organised a driver from Siem Reap and that was definitely the easiest way to do it. Although there's a lot of military around, there was no hassle getting into the site.
It's a really interesting site and there's a fair amount to see. A few hours is enough time to get around it all properly, though. I would definitely recommend making the side trip from Angkor to also see Preah Vihear.
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I visited the my Prasat Preah Vihear last year 2011, I never seen the temple on the top of mountain. It 's so wonderful temple, It's awesome. It 's wonder for Cambodian people who had been created by our king for many century and for worship to God Siva. It is amazing temple.
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When I found out that it was possible to visit the temple on a day trip from Siem Reap, I immediately grabbed the opportunity while the site is again peaceful and accessible for tourists to see (note that this place has some serious history of crossfires by Cambodia and Thailand sides earlier). Though it is about 3 - 4 hours away from Siem Reap via rented car, I felt that this trip was totally worth it. This site never failed my towering expectations!
Prasat Preah Vihear - in my opinion - rightly deserves to be on the same ranks as Angkor Wat and Bayon, if not even better. The incomparable beauty of this place stems from its (1) history (older than most in Angkor; dedicated to Siva and, according to some sources, is also one of a few that has a history of critical lingam worshiping), (2) location (situated right beside a cliff to a height of nearly 600 metres on top of the Dangrek mountains, which is within a Phra Vihan National Park of Thailand), (3) relevance (a major pilgrimage site for Khmer kings, as well as a rare key temple off-route the Angkorian Royal Road), (4) architecture (the extensive layout is very unique, the galleries surrounding the central sanctuary served as inspiration for the arrangement of Angkor Wat 300 years later, and the carvings offer a different style from that of those in Angkor - notice the style of their nagas), and (5) the struggles and controversies associated …
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In February 2012 only a trickle of visitors were making their way to this remote site. Access from Thailand was still not available, and the site could only be approached from Kor Muy in Cambodia. Here I obtained the necessary permit to visit the site (free). Armed with this document I boarded a 4WD pick-up for the hair-raising climb up the new and almost completed road to the temple.
At the top of the road I was met by Dina, an attractive tour guide who led me through the temple to the viewpoint beyond. From here the view over Cambodia was outstanding.
Despite a small amount of damage caused by shelling by Thai forces last year, the displays of intricate stone carvings remain.
In February the site was still heavily populated by Cambodian police and soldiers, however there were no weapons to be seen.
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This was perhaps the single most unique experience I have had in visiting a WHS. With a group of really good friends I made the trip in a day from Siem Reap in two chartered taxis.
The site itself was rather impressive; it was a destination for pilgrims during the Angkorian period and had some fine temples drawing influence from the magnificent Banteay Srei style at Angkor. Altogether there are 4 sets of temples. The first that we encountered was perhaps the most impressive, looking a little more delicate with finely carved detailing. The final group was the largest set of temples and it was enclosed inside a nice cloister. There was a Monk located in the central temple burning incense and talking to us. Behind this final group of temples is the cliff which offers expansive views over the plains of northern Cambodia.
The uniqueness of visiting the site though come from two factors, firstly it is currently a pretty remote place to get to (from the Cambodian side) but this is being drastically improved. Secondly is that the site is now essentially a Military camp, as Cambodia and Thailand have regularly escalated tensions over the sovereignty of the site, and it is now essentially a semi active ‘front line’.
Due to the tense military situation in the area, and also the desire to develop tourism the road links to Preah Vihear have been greatly improved in recent months and form the look of the work going on will …
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I just came back from Cambodia last week and I visited Preah Vihear Temple and I found the temple is so beautiful; the temple is located on the beauty natural mountain. It’s hard to believe that the Khmer can bring up so many stones and built such a stunning temple on top of the mountain. The access road from Thailand to visit the Khmer temple in Cambodia still remains closed. To say that there is only one easy access road from Thailand to visit Preah Vihear Temple in Cambodia is totally wrong.
There are three access roads from Cambodia side. One was built by HM King Norodom Sihanouk when the King went to pay his respect to his Khmer ancestors who built the temple after the ICJ granted Preah Vihear belonging to Cambodia. Second one was built by the KR during war. Third one was built by Governor Chea Sophearath.
I took King Sihanouk road because I liked to see the natural beauty of the mountain on the way up to see the beauty temple on the top.
The original access road of the temple is by the Thailand side, because when the Khmer
Kings built Preah Vihear Temple; Thailand wasn’t there in that time. The Khmer Kings ruled SEA when Thai people still living in Nanchao, China.
Thailand sent Thai troops to invade Preah Vihear Temple and launched its rocket damaging the Giant Naga Statue at Preah Vihear Temple. Thailand never built the stone temple so Thailand can’t understand …
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The really hot and most disputed issue in WHC 32nd session in Quebec clearly was the nomination of Preah Vihear Temple arising from the controversial judgment of International Court of Justice in 1962 and unclear border demarcation between Cambodia and Thailand. From this dispute, I believed many people might question how special of this temple to be listed as world heritage site.
During my 2007 trip to Southern Laos and Northeastern Thailand, I had opportunity to visit almost all-important ancient Khmer temples in this region, and I had to say that Preah Vihear was a crème de la crème of my trip. Situated on the high cliff making the temple looked quite stunning; however, it was not the location that took your breath away, it was the amazing quality of stone craving of this temple that easily made this temple to be on the prestigious list of UNESCO.
My guide explained that for ancient Khmer art, the stone carving style of the Temple of Banteay Srei, part of Angkor, was considered the most beautiful of its kind and there was only one place on earth that built in the same style and that was Preah Vihear, so I was not surprised why this temple was so beautiful even partial in ruins. My favorite part of the temple was the third and fourth gopura halls, the third hall stone craving was exceptionally intricacy and beautiful, while the fourth hall was like floating in the sky as it was built …
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