Botswana
Okavango Delta
The Okavango Delta is a vast area of swamps and seasonally flooded grasslands that attract large numbers of wildlife.
This inland delta has no outlet to the sea, being formed where the Okavango River reaches a tectonic trough in the dry Kalahari desert. The annual flood peaks between June and August, when the delta swells to three times its permanent size and attracts animals from afar. The area is home to some 130 mammal species, such as white and black rhinoceros, elephant, cheetah, lion, leopard and lechwe antelope. The population sizes are especially noteworthy, including the world’s largest population of elephants. It is also an Important Bird Area.
Community Perspective: generally considered an expensive site when you want to have the full experience and visit for multiple days: “it is going to involve a safari company, probably a flight in and out on a small plane and a stay at a “Luxury lodge” and/or the rental of a 4x4”, but Solivagant managed to do it somewhat budget-friendly. Els enjoyed the helicopter flight and the walking safaris, and Svein describes visiting from the Okavango Panhandle.
Site Info
Official Information
- Full Name
- Okavango Delta (ID: 1432)
- Country
- Botswana
- Status
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Inscribed 2014
Site history
History of Okavango Delta
- 2013: Incomplete - not examined
- 2014: Inscribed
- Inscribed
- WHS Type
- Natural
- Criteria
- vii
- ix
- x
Links
- UNESCO
- whc.unesco.org
All Links
UNESCO.org
- whc.unesco.org — whc.unesco.org/
Related Resources
- botswanatourism.co.bw — Botswana Tourism
News Article
- July 2, 2020 theguardian.com — Hundreds of elephants dead in mysterious mass die-off
- June 18, 2019 whc.unesco.org — Angola, Botswana and Namibia co-manage shared river system of the Okavango Delta
- June 23, 2014 iucn.org — Iconic Okavango Delta becomes 1,000th World Heritage site
Community Information
- Community Category
- Wildlife habitat: Fauna
- Natural landscape: Rivers, Wetlands and Lakes
Travel Information
Seasonal WHS
Recent Connections
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Over 100 mammal species
130 species of mammals (OUV crit X) -
African Wild Dog
"substantial populations of Africa’s ch… -
San
Nom file: "The Okavango delta (panhandl…
Connections of Okavango Delta
- Individual People
- Geography
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Lakes located in Rift Valleys
Great Rift Valley -
On National Border
With Namibia -
River deltas
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- Trivia
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Hot Air Balloon rides
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Fatal Accidents or 'disasters'
On 14 October 2011, a Cessna 208 Caravan turboprop passenger aircraft operated by Moremi Air on a domestic flight from Xakanaka camp to Maun, Botswana, crashed and caught fire shortly after take-off, killing eight of the twelve people on board.See en.wikipedia.org
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On Banknotes
23 August 2009-Current 50 Botswana pula note
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- Ecology
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High-Biodiversity Wilderness Area
Miombo-Mopane Woodlands and Savannas -
Hippos
"the Okavango Delta has an exceptional diversity of plant, bird and mammal species, including viable populations of large mammal species .. such as... Hippopotamus" (AB ev) -
Flamingos
Greater Flamingo, Lesser Flamingo -
Lagoons
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Lions
Large numbers and they can swim. The nom file reports several hundred from an aerial survey. More background is in the link.See open.uct.ac.za
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Swamps and Marshes
"The natural habitats of the nominated area are diverse and include .., permanent swamps," (OUV) -
Bird Migrations
The African-Eurasian Flyway -
Endorheic Lakes
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Elephants
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Rhino habitat
White Rhinoceros, Black Rhinoceros (the latter have been evacuated temporarily from 2021 on due to poaching) -
Over 100 mammal species
130 species of mammals (OUV crit X) -
African Wild Dog
"substantial populations of Africa’s charismatic large mammals such as ........Wild Dog" (AB Eval)
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- Damaged
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Poaching
hunting of giraffe for meat
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- World Heritage Process
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Potential Transboundary sites
Namibia: Okavango Delta -
Natural sites filling gaps cited by IUCN
habitats: flooded grasslands such as Okavango and the Sudd Swamps -
Extensions on Tentative List
Namibia's Okavango Delta
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- Human Activity
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Natural sites with indigenous human population
SanSee www.osisa.org
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San
Nom file: "The Okavango delta (panhandle) in Botswana have indigenous peoples who have inhabited the areas surrounding the delta over hundreds of years and they include the Khwe (//Anikhwe, Bugakhwe) communities." It goes on to list a series of San sacred, camping and hunting sites within the core area. IUCN also notes that it had "received representations from some San indigenous groups concerned about forced evictions should the property become a World Heritage site". See link for details from March 2024
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- WHS on Other Lists
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Ramsar Wetlands
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Part of Our Top 50 Missing
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IUGS Geological Heritage Sites
The Okavango Delta
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- Timeline
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Holocene
During the Holocene both lakes dried up gradually
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- Visiting conditions
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Foreigner prices
P120 for foreigners (cUS$12) and (probably) P10 for citizens -
Seasonal WHS
Can be visited all year, but OUV is derived from "The annual flood-tide, which pulses through the wetland system every year, revitalizes ecosystems and is a critical life-force during the peak of the Botswana’s dry season (June/July)"
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- WHS Names
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Named after a River
Okavango River
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News
- theguardian.com 07/02/2020
- Hundreds of elephants dead in myst…
- whc.unesco.org 06/18/2019
- Angola, Botswana and Namibia co-ma…
- iucn.org 06/23/2014
- Iconic Okavango Delta becomes 1,00…
Recent Visitors
Visitors of Okavango Delta
- AFisher
- Ali Zingstra
- A. Mehmet Haksever
- AmyAbroad
- amychemu
- Andrew0181
- Aspasia
- Atila Ege
- Bernard Joseph Esposo Guerrero
- Bill Maurmann
- Bram de Bruin
- Carlos Garrido
- Cirene Moraes
- Claire Bradshaw
- ClaireWhiteley
- Colossus
- Corinne Vail
- Crinion
- Csaba Nováczky
- Cyberczar
- Deffra
- Elaine McArdle
- Ellen Nielsen
- Els Slots
- Emili Xaus
- Erfe91
- Eva Kisgyorgy
- Fan Yibo
- Felicité
- Fernweh
- Frank Britton
- Geert Luiken
- George Evangelou
- Gernot
- giulio25
- Harald T.
- Hdhuntphotography
- Iain Jackson
- IreneKD
- Izzet Ege
- Jack Sherman
- janameerman
- Janos
- Javier Coro
- Jawnbeary
- JoeriNortier
- Joshuakirbens
- Joyce van Soest
- KateY
- Kbecq
- Kelly Henry
- ko9757
- Krijn
- Liamps91
- Loic Pedras
- Longdutch
- lou1983
- Lucio Gorla
- Luis Filipe Gaspar
- Lukasz Palczewski
- Maja
- Malgorzata Kopczynska
- marcel staron
- Marlies van Wolfswinkel
- maryhattie
- Michael Novins
- Michal Kozok
- MirksB
- Monica66
- Morodhi
- Nihal Ege
- Pamela MacNaughtan
- Pascal Cauliez
- Peltzi
- Philipp Leu
- phillipmeng
- Pieter Dijkshoorn
- Pink Bunny
- Piotr Wasil
- Preiki
- Randi Thomsen
- Richardleesa
- Richard Stone
- Rickard Alfredsson
- Roman Bruehwiler
- roxfts
- Royacurt
- Rvieira
- Sascha Grabow
- SHIHE HUANG
- Solivagant
- Stanislaw Warwas
- stephhollett
- Sutul
- Svein Elias
- Thomas Buechler
- Thomas Kunz
- TimAllen
- Timothy C Easton
- tony0001
- Trine
- Twobaconsandaboston
- V&M
- Waters88
- Waxwing
- Weecheng
- Wojciech Fedoruk
- Wo_ko
- Yongcheng Liu
- Zsuzsanna Forray
Community Reviews
Show full reviews
The delta is one of the most incredible natural wonders I've ever seen. The annual flooding of the Kalahari by the Okavango river is one of the Earth's greatest events, and the diversity of animals and plants is just awesome.
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The Okavango Delta is by far the most visited of the two WHS’ in Botswana, but still there aren’t many people that have visited it. We visited the Okavango delta from both north and south in April 2019. It was the dry period between raining season and the yearly flooding of the delta.
While visiting Tsodillo Hills we stayed at a lodge at the riverside of Okavango Panhandle. The northern part of the Okavango site is quite different from the south. It is not yet a delta but more like a couple of rivers.
We had two afternoon boat rides on one of the rivers with a local guide. As a native he could tell and show us a lot about the area, the animal life and the delta in general. He really cared for the place. He thoroughly picked up garbage from the water while telling his stories. The river is a bird paradise - a heaven for ornithologists! Our best catches were a “hard to see” Pel's fishing owl and a shy Sitatunga. Last sunset was amazing, a kind if Africa-on-fire experience! We didn’t have high expectations, but it turned out to be special.
About a week later we visited the delta from the southern side. We stayed in Maun and did one long daytrip into Moremi Game Reserve and one Mokoro trip. Moremi is great for animal spotting. We hoped for "the big five" and a lion in particular. We made 4/5 wich is …
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The Okavango Delta was the 1000th WHS on the List, it “… has long been considered one of the biggest gaps on the World Heritage list” and was deliberately planned to gain this milestone marker at the 2014 WHC. Almost the same amount of coordination was done by me in my 2019 travel planning to let this magnificent and truly unique site be my 700th visited WHS. I stayed there for 4 nights: 2 in a lodge near Chief’s Island and 2 nights camping in Moremi Game Reserve.
My first acquaintance however with the Delta was on the way back by helicopter from the Tsodilohills. We flew south-eastward along the water channels. This central area of the Okavango turned out to be pretty dry as well. What you see from the air is a patchwork of coloured ‘islands’ among dried-up land and trails made by animals. Animal sightings included pools full of hippos, slowly moving elephant trains and crocodiles sunbathing on beaches.
On the next day, I was transported by one of these lovely bush planes to Oddballs’ Enclave on Chief’s Island. Oddball’s Enclave is a more recent (and even more expensive) offspring of the historic ‘hippy’ camp mentioned by Solivagant in his review of a visit in 1988. In the shoulder season of May, the rack rate here is 510 USD per person per night. For that, you sleep in a tent and have to use a bucket shower. Yes the tent does have a real bed …
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We visited the Okavango as long ago as Aug 1988. A review of that trip and comparison of it with what now appears on the Web for the area has identified things that have changed and things that have not! Hopefully the following will still provide some valid information and pointers for any WH enthusiasts thinking of visiting the area. No photo yet - my slide scanner isn’t working but, in all honesty, there are none of any great interest anyway!
The first aspect to note is that Botswana has long targeted the upper end of the eco-tourism market – a trend which has multiplied since 1988 with massive increases in park fees and lodge tariffs. That is not to say that it is impossible to visit “cheaply” but, for the majority of people, a “full experience” visit to the Delta is going to involve a safari company, probably a flight in and out on a small plane and a stay at a “Luxury lodge” (though how “luxurious” it will be is another matter) and/or the rental of a 4x4! The easiest way to enter the inscribed areas from Maun by road is from the western side off the road up to Tsodilo and the “panhandle” (which I understand can now be done with a saloon car – unfortunately the road was very bad when we were there and we missed it out)- there are a number of "fishing lodges" along this road (though whether the game viewing is good …
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