Nepal
Lumbini
Lumbini, the Birthplace of the Lord Buddha, is the most holy Buddhist religious site.
The archaeological site shows evidence of its long existence as a pilgrimage center, in the form of monasteries and stupas that were erected early on. An inscription on the so-called Ashoka pillar (dating from 249 BCE) identifies the place as the birthplace of the Buddha several centuries earlier - the exact year of his birth is strongly disputed.
Community Perspective: Lumbini lies in the plains of the Terai, where between June and October it can become very hot. The original site is calm and quiet, in a rural setting. It is surrounded by modern temples and monasteries that were constructed as part of the late 20th-century ‘Lumbini Master Plan’ by Kenzo Tange. While most reviewers find a visit spiritual or at least serene, Zoë wonders why the site has been inscribed at all.
Site Info
Official Information
- Full Name
- Lumbini, the Birthplace of the Lord Buddha (ID: 666)
- Country
- Nepal
- Status
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Inscribed 1997
Site history
History of Lumbini
- 1993: Deferred
- Bureau - better info required on conservation measures etc
- 1997: Inscribed
- Inscribed
- WHS Type
- Cultural
- Criteria
- iii
- vi
Links
- UNESCO
- whc.unesco.org
All Links
UNESCO.org
- whc.unesco.org — whc.unesco.org/
Related Resources
- ntb.gov.np — Nepal Tourism Board
- buddhanet.net — Link
News Article
- Feb. 13, 2024 kathmandupost.com — Archaeologists call for halt to defacement of Lumbini heritage sites
- Aug. 2, 2016 kathmandupost.ekantipur.com — Lumbini to get major infrastructural development to pump up religious and cultural tourism
- April 27, 2014 thainews.prd.go.th — Thais given green light to repair Maya Dhevi Temple
- Nov. 26, 2013 bbc.co.uk — Earliest 'shrine' uncovered at Buddha's birthplace
- Sept. 19, 2011 asianscientist.com — WWF-Nepal Embarks On 10-Year Project To Plant A Million Trees In Lumbini
- April 3, 2011 coalgeology.com — New Eco-Monastery at Buddha's Birthplace Lumbini
Community Information
- Community Category
- Wildlife habitat: Fauna
- Natural landscape: Diverse ecosystems
- Religious structure: Buddhist
Travel Information
Recent Connections
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Foreigner prices
Variations between Nepalese, SAARC nati… -
Repainted in a different colour
the site with Buddhas remains and footp… -
Birthplaces
Buddha
Connections of Lumbini
- Individual People
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Ekai Kawaguchi
The Asoka pillar identifying Lumbini as the birthplace of The Buddha had been discovered in 1896. On a return journey to Nepal Kawaguchi visited it in 1912. He was shocked at the existence of Hindu animal sacrifices there and lobbied the Nepalese government to prohibit them. -
Xuanzang
In 636, Xuanzang traveled through Terai in the southern part of modern Nepal, where he found deserted Buddhist monasteries, and thence to Kapilavastu, his last stop before Lumbini, the birthplace of Buddha. In 637, he set out from Lumbini to Kusinagara, the site of Buddha's death. -
Travels of Hyecho
"The Four Great Stupas of Central India ... The third one is situated in Kapilavastu, the city where the Buddha was born. The Asoka tree is still there but the city is already ruined. There is a stupa but no monks or inhabitants. The city is situated at the northernmost part of the country. The forests are mostly deserted and there are many bandits on the road. It is very difficult for those on pilgrimage to go safely." - From the diary of Hyecho -
Emperor Ashoka
Visited by Asoka in 249BC. Ordered construction of stupas and an inscribed stone pillar as commemoration.
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- Geography
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Ganges Basin
On banks of Telar River which joins the Rapti and then the Ganges
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- Trivia
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Repainted in a different colour
the site with Buddhas remains and footprint was terra cotta in the past and is now white
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- History
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Historical Events
birthplace of the Lord Buddha -
Birthplaces
Buddha
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- Religion and Belief
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Holiest place
One of four holiest Buddhist places: Lumbini (Birthplace), Bodhgaya - Mahabodhi Temple (enlightenment), Sarnath (first sermon) and Kushinagar (nirvana) -
Stupa
remains of Buddhist stupas (memorial shrines) from the 3rd century BC to the 15th century AD (AB ev)
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- Constructions
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Pillars
Referred to in ICOMOS evaluation as "The sandstone Ashoka pillar with its sanskrit inscriptions. That of Ashoka in Brahmi script and the later one of Ripu Malla in Devanagara script" -
Protective Shelters
Building covers the ancient ruins
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- Timeline
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Built in the 3rd century BC
The Emperor Ashoka visited the site of Buddha's birth in 249 BC. He erected the Ashoka pillar, and monasteries and stupa's were added.
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- Visiting conditions
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Foreigner prices
Variations between Nepalese, SAARC nationals and other Foreign Nationals. Ranging from free to 200 Nepali rupees.
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- WHS Names
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Epic Subtitles
Birthplace of the Lord Buddha
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News
- kathmandupost.com 02/13/2024
- Archaeologists call for halt to de…
- kathmandupost.ekantipur.com 08/02/2016
- Lumbini to get major infrastructur…
- thainews.prd.go.th 04/27/2014
- Thais given green light to repair …
Recent Visitors
Visitors of Lumbini
- Adrian Turtschi
- Afshin Iranpour
- Alexander Barabanov
- Alexander Parsons
- Alex Goh
- Alex Marcean
- AlexSchedel
- A. Mehmet Haksever
- Artur Anuszewski
- Atila Ege
- awestix
- Bin
- Bram de Bruin
- Chalamphol Therakul
- Cheryl
- Chinmaya
- Clyde
- czesioszpachelka
- David Marton
- Dorejd
- DouglasR
- Els Slots
- Eric Lurio
- GabLabCebu
- George Gdanski
- Hanming
- headventure
- Iain Jackson
- Jarek Pokrzywnicki
- Joel on the Road
- jonathanfr
- Joshuakirbens
- KeithBailey
- Klaus Bondar
- Krijn
- Kurt Lauer
- Loic Pedras
- Malgorzata Kopczynska
- marcel staron
- Mariam
- Michael anak Kenyalang
- Michael Ayers
- Michael Turtle
- Michal Kozok
- Michal Marciniak
- Miloš Tašković
- MMM
- Monica Tasciotti
- Mstrebl1990
- Nihal Ege
- PabloNorte
- Reza
- Rick Ohm
- Risson
- Robin Frank
- Roman Bruehwiler
- Roman Raab
- Sandra!
- Sascha Grabow
- Sergio Arjona
- Shandos Cleaver
- SHIHE HUANG
- sncjob
- Stanislaw Warwas
- Stephen Brooker
- Szucs Tamas
- TeacherPavel
- Thomas Buechler
- Thomas van der Walt
- Vanessa Buechler
- Vernon Prieto
- Wolfgang Sander
- Yuri Samozvanov
- Zoë Sheng
Community Reviews
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Lumbini can be reached by flight from Kathmandu to Bhairahawa, which is a larger town close to India border. The accommodation options around are pretty basic, but there is at least one resort with all the ammenities of modern leisure tourism. Front desk arranged a driver for us - pretty overpriced for Nepal at 70USD / 8 hrs, but with the good attitude required to brave the rural traffic and dusty roads...and find all the places he was not really familiar with.
1. Maya Devi
After taking the parking permit from the tourist info center, the driver can go inside the park and leave you close to the Maya Devi temple - the birthplace of Lord Buddha listed as WHS. Even if little more to see physically other than few stones, reconstructed stupa foundations, a pond and few boddhi trees, the cultural load of this site remains strong, and watching pilgrims chanting their mantras while contemplating the place where one of world's most important religions emerged makes for a strong, and beautiful spiritual experience. Visiting just before the start of the season in the first days of october must have helped as well - great weather, few tourists.
2. Kenzo Tange's masterplan and Lumbini Museum
What really made this WHS visit an amazing one was the discovery of Kenzo Tange's legacy. This is one of Japan's most famous architects and he was tasked with designing the Lumbini tourist park masterplan in the mid 70's. His Lumbini …
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This may be my last review seeing that I will receive all the wrath from Buddhists reading this and...but wait according to Alan Partridge the only religion allowed to be made fun of are Buddhists because "they don't fight back"... besides the comical quote and the fact that real Buddhists would indeed not show anger, plenty of them may not be happy to see I'm not writing something unholy about their sacred place. Would I rate the Church of Nativity equally low? Probably not, besides the fact that the church is not even the place where JC was supposed to be born but at least you a) see a church and b) have the mythology as well. Here, in Lumbini, you get a small house that isn't original, that is SUPPOSED to have been the birth place of Lord Buddha (with zero evidence that it is true), but it also has the mythology of millions of people following the story along. They all come to pray at the stone. I respect it but at the same time I find it ridiculous that they do. Yes you can tell I'm not religious and I find it almost shameful that UNESCO places something like this on the list along with the baptist site in Jordan. Also I then have to argue why this is acceptable for the main popular religions but there is nothing for the followers of e.g. Scientology or the Mormons...
The rest of the Lumbini area is NOT …
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The Ashoka pillar and Mayadevi Temple are the core of this WHS but all around it on the masterplan of a Japanese architect, Buddhist monasteries and temples are being built from all over the world and most are well worth a visit. Some are still under construction but already judging from what has been built this is going to become THE most important place for Buddhism in the near future. I also visited Tilaurakot (28kms away) which lacks the attention and gardening that Lumbini enjoys. It surely deserves to be added as a WHS with Lumbini even though a few ruins are what is left of ancient Kapilavastu
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LUMBINI is heaven on earth. The birthplace of the LIGht of Asia, lord Buddha in Lumbini Nepal is a must visit place in your lifetime. I went there in 2009, November which is the best time to visit lumbini,because June- october is very warm over there. The peaceful atmosphere, the serene environment, the helpful people, the artistic pagodas,temples, archaeological sites, beautiful birds, cranes,forest, beautiful park just makes you feel, Buddha is still here..somewhere around meditating...wonderful place
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lumbini a nice place to be .
i went there 10 years with my brother, sister-in-law and their kid. At that time a new temple were being made. We did sightseeing through Rikshaw . We conducted puja and gave a little bit of remarkable thing which we have still in home.
It is simple but it's simplicity is very unique as it adds the historic panoroma to the world. Lumbini is the place for meditation it's quite surroundings will let u be there forever.
We took several pictures it was truely a sparkling place to be. If u are looking for a nice and beautiful place to do meditation or to see historic place be there. Can't express in words how nice it is """LUMBINI - in NEPAL"""
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Arriving in a rather exhausted tour group, who jokingling kept calling it 'Budhist Bethlehem,' wasn't the most promising start to my visit.
However once off the bus the atmosphere and emotional power of this site took over. A serenity descended on everyone as we walked into the park, which evolved into a hushed revernce when we came to the Lord Buddhas birthplce.
By the time we left everyone seemed inspired and rejuvenated.
I would highly recomend this site, it's quiet, beautiful and a moving experience, which will remain a treasured memory for the rest of your life.
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Visited Lumbini in October 2001(very warm in October!) with group of Buddhist pilgrims led by the Ven. Robina Courtin. A little shrine with some statues, excavations. One of Ashok's pillars is there. We conducted a puja under one of the large trees there. Went on to Nalanda,Kushinigar, Ragir, Bodhgaya, Varanasai & Sarnath. a month after 9/11 we were praying for peace at all these holy & historical sites.
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I've been to the birthplace of the Lord Buddha in Lumbini, Nepal, 1998. What I noticeably experienced was, calmed, quiet and natural feelings, and tranquillity of mind. I was so lucky to visit all the four sacred places: the Birth(Lumbini, Napal), the Enlightenment(Boddhagaya, India), the First discourse/sermon(Varanasi, India), and the Maha parinibbana/death of physical body(Kushinagar, India) of the Buddha. The feeling when visiting these four sacred places, cannot be expressed in words. You need to be there and feel how it is.
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On my tour of the south of Nepal, I travelled from Chitwan (Sauraha) to Lumbini by public buses. A Japanese guy and I were dumped at the roadside, amidst flat agricultural lands and some forest. 'This is Lumbini', they told us. It's a quiet area, natural in outlook, and with its temples hidden from first sight.
The actual site is quite small: a few excavations and a large tree, that is all to see. Still, it is a very serene place. For a few years several Buddhist Asian countries are building their own temples and monasteries around the original site (according to the "Lumbini Masterplan" by a Japanese architect). They try to surpass each other in beauty. The very different building styles make for an eclectic view.
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