France
Loire Valley
The Loire Valley between Sully-sur-Loire and Chalonnes is a cultural landscape symbolic of human interaction with a major river.
It comprises historic towns and villages, great castles and cultivated lands, on a 200km long thin stretch along the river. The manmade features mainly trace back to the Renaissance and the Age of the Enlightenment. They include historic towns such as Blois, Orléans and Tours, and the Castle of Chambord, one of the most recognizable châteaux in the world.
Community Perspective: The area can be best explored by (rental) car, though John and Nan found buses and trains to several of its sights as well. The castles of Chenonceaux, Amboise and Chambord and the Fontevraud Abbey are among the highlights.
Site Info
Official Information
- Full Name
- The Loire Valley between Sully-sur-Loire and Chalonnes (ID: 933)
- Country
- France
- Status
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Inscribed 2000
Site history
History of Loire Valley
- 1981: Revision
- Inscribed as "Chambord". Later replaced by Loire Valley.
- 1999: Deferred
- Deferred due "to the disturbing presence of the nuclear power plant"; 12 out of 19 WHC members voted to inscribe the site, where a 2/3 majority (13) was necessary
- 2000: Revision
- Includes former TWHS Abbaye de Fontevrault; Saint-Benoit-sur-Loire; Chateau et domaine de Chambord; Chateau de Blois (1981)
- 2000: Inscribed
- Inscribed
- 2017: Boundary change
- To include the Estate of Chenonceau as minory boundary modification
- 2017: Revision
- Incorporated former TWHS Chateau de Chenonceaux (1981-1994)
- WHS Type
- Cultural
- Criteria
- i
- ii
- iv
Links
- UNESCO
- whc.unesco.org
All Links
UNESCO.org
- whc.unesco.org — whc.unesco.org/
Related Resources
- chambord.org — Chambord Castle
- loirevalley-worldheritage.org — Loire Valley World Heritage
News Article
- June 24, 2023 edition.cnn.com — French cave markings may be the oldest known engravings by Neanderthals
- Dec. 29, 2016 travelandleisure.com — Chambord Is About to Get a $3.6-million Renovation
Community Information
- Community Category
- Cultural Landscape: Continuing
Travel Information
Ile-de-France Hotspot
Recent Connections
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Depot for artwork during war
"In 1939, shortly before the outbreak o… -
Michelin-starred restaurants in Monuments
Fontevraud L'Ermitage (*) in Royal Abbe… -
In Disney and Pixar Animation Classics
Cinderella + Sleeping Beauty + Beauty a…
Connections of Loire Valley
- Individual People
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Charles V
visited the chateaus in 1539 on demand of the king of France -
Painted by JMW Turner
"Vue Sud-Est de Beaugency c1826-30"See www.tate.org.uk
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Richard Lionheart
Crossed Tours with his army -
Joan of Arc
Her first meeting with Charles VII took place at the Chateau de Chinon. "On 6 March 1429 Joan of Arc arrived at Château de Chinon. She claimed to hear heavenly voices that said Charles would grant her an army to relieve the siege of Orléans.While staying at the castle she resided in the Tour du Coudray. Charles met with her two days after her arrival and then sent her to Poitiers so that she could be cross-examined to ensure she was telling the truth. Joan returned to Chinon in April where Charles granted her supplies and sent her to join the army at Orléans" (Wiki) -
Leonardo da Vinci
Chambord: "There are suggestions that Leonardo da Vinci may have designed the staircase, but this has not been confirmed." (wiki); Was buried in the castle of Amboise and lived in the castle Clos-Luc. -
Louis XIV
Louis used Chambord several times for parties and hunting
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- Geography
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Linear inscriptions
described as "a 200-km linear cultural landscape along the Loire River between Maine and Sully-sur-Loire" -
Antipodes points
NEW ZEALAND SUBANTARCTIC ISLANDS(Bounty island)=THE LOIRE VALLEY(Angers) S47 45 E179 03 = N47 23 56.004 E0 42 10.008
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- Trivia
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Hot Air Balloon rides
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Cercle events
Chateau de Chambord (Carl Cox, Deborah de Luca)See www.youtube.com
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Replica in Mini-Europe
Chenonceau -
Tour de France
Tour de France 2021, Stage 6 -
Largest cultural WHS
86,021 ha -
Michelin-starred restaurants in Monuments
Fontevraud L'Ermitage (*) in Royal Abbey of Fontevraud -
Sound and Light Show
Chateau de Chambord -
Tobu World Square
Castle of Chambord -
Depicted in Mizielinska Maps
ChenonceauSee i.pinimg.com
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- History
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Assassinations
(Ch?teau de Blois) Henry I, Duke of Guise (December 23, 1588) -
Located in a Former Capital
Orleans (Part of Loire Valley), capital city of Merovingian kingdom of Orleans and later Duchy of Orleans -
Treaties
Treaty of Chambord 1552. in Chateau de Chambord -
Carolingian Empire
Oratoire carolingien de Germigny-des-PrésSee fr.wikipedia.org
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Second World War
In 1939, shortly before the outbreak of World War II, the art collections of the Louvre and Compiègne museums (including the Mona Lisa and Venus de Milo) were stored at the Château de Chambord.See en.wikipedia.org
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Neanderthals
La Roche-Cotard cave: contains the oldest known engravings by Neanderthals. Also, an artifact resembling a mask possibly created by Neanderthals was found here. (wiki)See en.wikipedia.org
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Depot for artwork during war
"In 1939, shortly before the outbreak of World War II, the art collections of the Louvre and Compiègne museums (including the Mona Lisa) were stored at the Château de Chambord."See en.wikipedia.org
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- Architecture
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Designed by Jules Hardouin-Mansart
Completed the chapel of Chambord -
Renaissance
Chambord Castle, Blois Castle, Amboise Castle -
Conical roofs
Chambord Castle -
Romanesque
Fontevraud Abbey -
French (formal) garden
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Pre-Romanesque
Oratoire carolingien de Germigny-des-Prés -
Double Helix
"Chambord is centred on a wonderful double helix spiral staircase."
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- World Heritage Process
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Minor modifications after inscription
2017 - inclusion of the Estate of Chenonceau (was an inconsistency between text and map) -
Controversial at inscription
Failed once and required a secret ballot on another occasion because of nearby Nuclear plant -
Derived from more than one TWHS
Includes former TWHS Abbaye de Fontevrault; Saint-Benoit-sur-Loire; Chateau et domaine de Chambord; Chateau de Blois; Château de Chenonceau -
Reformulations
"Loire Valley" (933). Originally "Chateau and Estate of Chambord" (161)
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- Religion and Belief
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Cathedrals
Cathédrale Sainte-Croix d'Orléans; cathédrale Saint-Louis (Blois); cathédrale Saint-Gatien (Tours) -
Nunneries
Abbey of Fontavraud "founded in 1101 by the itinerant preacher Robert of Arbrissel. The foundation flourished and became the center of a new monastic Order, the Order of Fontevrault. This order was composed of double monasteries, in which the community consisted of both men and women—in separate quarters of the abbey—all of which were subject to the authority of the Abbess of Fontevraud." (Wiki) See -See en.wikipedia.org
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- Human Activity
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Hunting Lodge or Castle
Château de Chambord -
Vineyards
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Historical Graffiti
At Chambord: names and dates, boats. Includes inscriptions made by the poet Jean de La Fontaine (1621-1695) and the writer Victor Hugo (1802-1885).See www.flickr.com
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- Constructions
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Windmills
In Saumur -
Equestrian Statues
King Louis XII in front of Blois Castle -
Notable Bridges
This corps of specialists gave the Neo-Classical period a range of monumental and elegant bridges on rivers as the Loire (Blois, Orléans, Saumur) ... (see link) -
Prison
Fontevraud Abbey was a prison from 1804 to 1963 -
Obelisk
René Gasnier monument (to an early aviator) -
Bridges with Buildings on them
Château de ChenonceauSee en.wikipedia.org
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- WHS on Other Lists
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Natura 2000
Vallées de la Loire et de ses affluentsSee www.natura.org
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UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists
Equitation in the French tradition -
ViTour
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Network of European Royal Residences
Château of Chambord -
Most beautiful villages
Montsoreau is among Les plus beaux villages de France ('France's most beautiful villages')
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- Timeline
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Built in the 16th century
Chambord 1519-1547
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- WHS Hotspots
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Ile-de-France Hotspot
Orleans / Tours
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- WHS Names
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Named after a River
Loire
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- 18
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In Disney and Pixar Animation Classics
Cinderella + Sleeping Beauty + Beauty and the Beast
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News
- edition.cnn.com 06/24/2023
- French cave markings may be the ol…
- travelandleisure.com 12/29/2016
- Chambord Is About to Get a $3.6-mi…
Recent Visitors
Visitors of Loire Valley
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Community Reviews
Show full reviews
Even though I visited France as a kid on a yearly basis, I never made it to the Chateau de La Loire. It felt like a weird omission and in 2019 I decided to correct it. I flew into Nantes and took a day trip along the Loire to Chenonceau, Amboise and Saumur.
My first stop in the morning was Chenonceau. Technically Chenonceau is not on the Loire, but on a side branch. Therefore it was not originally included in the inscription. It was added in 2017. Without a doubt it's an iconic structure and taking the proximity to Amboise and the Loire into account, I have no objection that it was included. As pointed out by Hubert, the main gallery over the river is great. I also really enjoyed the surrounding gardens.
From Chenonceau, I walked to Amboise crossing several vineyards. I imagined following some French nobles footsteps as they went from their castle to a dinner in neighboring Amboise. In Amboise, I walked through the town and it was impressive. I did not have the time to visit the Chateaus, though.
My last stop was Saumur. Saumur is really different from the first two sites I visited. It's way less touristy and it's clearly less of a representative building and more of a defensive castle.
Of the three sites, Chenonceau is the clear highlight. I would assume only Chambord comes close or exceeds it. Amboise is more about the town, while Saumur is more …
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Although the Loire Valley is most famous for its castles, nature and the beauty of the landscape make up a large part of the outstanding value of this WHS. The Loire is often referred to as the last wild river in Europe, which actually means that it is a free-flowing waters, no dams and locks affect the lower course of the river. However, “wild" was not our predominant impression when we stood on the river banks for the first time, a few kilometres behind Angers. The Loire has a wide bed and flows slowly and smoothly, but carries along large quantities of sand that build up sandbars and displace them again, so that the river constantly changes its appearance. There are only few boats on the river, mainly traditional fishing boats with low draught, no cruise ships and tour boats along the stretch of the WHS. It's a beautiful and scenic landscape, no surprise that the French monarchs built their castles in the Loire Valley.
A beautiful river landscape, very good and 'typical French' cuisine, the Château de Chambord - reasons enough to schedule a few days for this WHS. In total, we spent four days in the Loire Valley in August 2015 and we explored the entire stretch of the WHS from Angers to Sully-sur-Loire. We stayed one night in Saumur and three nights in Blois. In particular, Blois was a good choice, it has a charming town centre and we liked it better than Tours or Orleans.
… Keep reading 0 comments
As the other reviewers say, Chambord, Chenoncau and Amboise including Leonardo's house are amazing. In addition, Saumur is especially beautiful from the outside as a classic medieval castle painted in a famous book of hours from the Middle Ages. Loches is quite frightening, having been used as a prison after being a fortress. Its medieval town is atmospheric, too. Chinon is made up of the ruins of three castles of Eleqnor of Acquittaine fame that hang gorgeously over the quaint town. There are also fascinating ancient hermit caves at the top of Chinon's hill. Azay le Rideau has a magical atmosphere from the outside, encircled by water. Langeais is beautifully furnished and has a second, older ruined castle worth visiting behind the furnished one.
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This WHS is a vast valley dotted with castles, forts, chateauxs, cathedrals, vineyards and good food. Perhaps the most visited is Chambord with the double helix stairway. I visited Amboise, Blois, Chenonceau, Azay le rideau, villandry, chaumont sur Loire. The entrance fees are quite expensive but I would suggest visiting different chateaux and not only Chambord, not only to avoid the crowds but also to better grasp the cultural value of this WHS.
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I had been in doubt about doing a proper visit to the Loire Valley, or a quick one so I could take in another WHS (Bourges Cathedral) on the same day. Fortunately, I choose quality over quantity and made the trek from Paris all the way to Chambord, which takes up almost all day by public transport on a Sunday. There is exactly one train-train-bus combination, which got me at Chambord at 11.50 a.m. There are two buses back in the afternoon, plus trains once an hour.
Chambord was the original nominated site in 1981, and is the must-visit castle in this area. My bus from Blois drove along the Loire for the first 10 minutes, the first and last look that I would get on that river. It is wide, and its banks are dotted with stately homes and churches. It reminded me of the Upper Middle Rhine Valley, although there the river is less straight and its sides have more cliffs.
Arriving at Chambord, the castle almost looks small compared to the surrounding forest. The weather wasn’t that good, so I focused on getting inside the castle. There was quite a long and slow line, not very efficiently run by a site that must see thousands of visitors every day of the year. But after paying 9.5 EUR and picking up an audio guide (5 EUR), I got in and wasn’t bothered by crowds anymore from then on.
The Castle’s interior came as a big …
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Over the couse of three days I managed to visit 11 if the sites using a combination of trains and buses:
Chambord - (bus #18 from Blois) a huge but elegant structure set in spacious grounds. The frescoed ceilings were admirable as was the double circular staircase. But most interesting were the multitude of chimneys, turrets, dormers and other rooftop embellishments.
Cheverney - (bus #18 from Blois) smaller but equally elegant and a more colourful interior. Some nicely landscaped gardens too.
Blois - (train from Tours) interesting sculptures but not much else
Chinon - (train from Tours) more of a castle than a stately home. Took the lift from the town centre to the upper town and walked around the ramparts to reach the entrance. Great views of the Loire.
Azay Le Rideau - (train from Tours) a spartan interior but some interesting paintings and tapestries. Located on an island.
Saumur - (train from Tours, then bus #32 from the town centre up to the chateau) a castle built for defensive purposes.
Langeais - (train from Tours) a moat, drawbridge and keep, but very little else.
Orleans - a huge bronze statue of Joan of Arc
Chaumont - (train to Onzain, then walk across the bridge) an austere looking stately home.
Amboise - burial place of Leonardo da Vinci in the St Hubert chapel.
Tours - a small chateau by the river. Also interesting was the Museum of Compagnonnage (tradesmen and artisans) in St Julien's cloister
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The best way to explore the "Val de Loire" is by private car and that's exactly what we did. Renting one from Paris, we spent a day and half exploring the valley. The road signs in France were excellent and it was much less of a hassle than we expected.
On the first afternoon, we visited Chambord which turned out to be my favorite chateau in the region. Surrounded by forest, it evokes images from childhood fairy tales. It is simply beautiful. From the top of the chateau, you can really see how isolated the place is. After it closed in the evening, my brother and I spent an hour rowing around the castle (highly recommended, it costed $11 for two) which really enhanced the experience. Any visit to the Loire without Chambord would be a shame. That being said, there are many other places worth visiting in this WHS.
After staying in Tours for the night, we visited the ruined castle at Chinon and Fontevraud Abbey, which contains several royals tombs such as Henry II of England and his wife Eleanor of Aquitaine among several others, for the morning. In the afternoon, we visited Amboise and Blois. Frederik Dawson has done a great job of describing the former so I don't think I need to go any further on that. Blois, on the other hand, is a nice chateau from the outside but I wouldn't recommend visiting the interior. Most of it is 19th century restoration and I was …
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Watching the film Da Vinci’s Code made my Asian friends came to Europe to see all places, which related to Leonardo’s life. After their Leonardian pilgrimage in Italy, they came to Holland for tulip fields and invited me to join their trip to France’s famous Loire Valley. An offer I hardly refused as I wanted to see another world heritage site.
As the trip was mainly about Da Vinci, our destination was Amboise, the last home of this influential man. Amboise is a very beautiful town on the banks of the Loire with many pretty houses decorated with many flowers. The view from the north bank toward the south side is unbelievable as the beautifully chateau d’ Amboise perched on the hill above the whole town like a fairy tale. The exterior of the chateau is really nice and the interior also lovely with acceptable amount of furniture and interesting history. It is important to note that Chateau d’ Amboise is the first renaissance style chateau in France, so this place is quite important for architectural history. The Chateau also has lovely French style garden and nice chapel. This chapel was the main reason for this trip as the remains of Da Vinci were supposed to be here. The tomb of Da Vinci is just a plain white marble on the floor of the Chapel with some inscription, but for the fans’ emotion (my friends) this place was quite overwhelming.
Not only the chateau that has link …
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There are, as far as I can see, four cultural landscapes in Europe featuring river valleys, and I'd say the most famous is the Loire Valley (the others are the Rhine Valley in Germany, the Danube Valley in Austria, and the Douro Valley in Portugal). An incredible mixture of history, architecture, and culture, it is worth visiting for any number of reasons, but the chateaux certainly beat all the others. They are all masterpieces of Renaissance (and partly Baroque) architecture, especially the famous castles of Chenonceaux and Chambord (the most beautiful of them, with the famous double staircase by da Vinci). Together with great historic cities such as Angers, Tours, Blois, and especially Orléans, the Loire Valley captures the essence of French history and culture and is definitely worth a visit (more visits really).
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In 1999, rented a car with friends and toured around the Loire Valley as a day trip from Paris. Visited the main attractions (Chambord and Chenonceau) along with some lesser known chateaux. The views, both architectural and pastoral, were wonderful, but I think the highlight of the trip was enjoying several bottles of the local Sancerre wine over a lengthy lunch. Was certainly a worthwhile excursion.
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