India
Humayun's Tomb
Humayun's Tomb, Delhi is a monumental Mughal garden-tomb complex.
This dynastic mausoleum was built in 1570 for Humayun, the second Mughal Emperor of India, and now contains about 150 graves of ruling family members. It uses mainly red sandstone, with white and black marble inlays. It is a landmark in the development of Mughal architecture, as it introduced a Persian/Central Asian style Charbagh garden with pools joined by channels to the funerary monument.
Community Perspective: “The contrast between the city and the peaceful garden and the monument was truly stunning”. Carlo has also covered two of the 'lesser' tombs at the complex and provides some pointers for a longer visit than the usual 45 minutes.
Site Info
Official Information
- Full Name
- Humayun's Tomb, Delhi (ID: 232)
- Country
- India
- Status
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Inscribed 1993
Site history
History of Humayun's Tomb
- 1993: Inscribed
- Inscribed
- WHS Type
- Cultural
- Criteria
- ii
- iv
Links
- UNESCO
- whc.unesco.org
All Links
UNESCO.org
- whc.unesco.org — whc.unesco.org/
Related Resources
- asi.nic.in — Archaeological Survey of India
- news.bbc.co.uk — Link
- archnet.org — Form, Function, and Meaning in Early Mughal Architecture
News Article
- March 24, 2018 lonelyplanet.com — Sunder Nursery in Delhi reopens after ten-year restoration
- April 5, 2015 timesofindia.indiatimes.com — Underground museum at Humayun's Tomb in 2 years
- March 23, 2015 thehindu.com — Humayun's Tomb gets new finial
- Oct. 2, 2014 timesofindia.indiatimes.com — Humayun's Tomb set to get site museum
- June 2, 2014 timesofindia.indiatimes.com — Finial knocked off from top of Humayun's Tomb
- Sept. 19, 2013 gulfnews.com — Humayun's Tomb unveiled after five-year refit
- April 19, 2013 timesofindia.indiatimes.com — Isa Khan's tomb reopens after a two-year restoration.
- Feb. 3, 2012 indianexpress.com — Humayun's Tomb turns white
- Aug. 5, 2011 thehindu.com — Restoration work on a lesser known tomb has led to the discovery of the country's oldest "sunken garden" at the complex of Humayun's Tomb
- June 16, 2011 timesofindia.indiatimes.com — Humayun's Tomb gets 16th century makeover
- Jan. 31, 2010 timesofindia.indiatimes.com — The eight canopies on the dome of Humayun's Tomb will be restored as per the original Mughal design and architecture
- May 27, 2007 dnaindia.com — Humayun's Tomb may stand the risk of losing the World Heritage Status awarded to it by UNESCO. A proposed tunnel road project which is expected to come up near the tomb for the 2010 Common Wealth games may be the reason behind the risk, and already a bone of contention for the conservationists who have opposed its construction.
Community Information
- Community Category
- Secular structure: Burial
Travel Information
Recent Connections
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Perfect Inscriptions
1993 -
Already inscribed still on T List
Also included within TWHS "Sites along … -
Muqarnas
DomeSee mughalarch.com
Connections of Humayun's Tomb
- Individual People
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Gertrude Bell
Photo taken January 9 1903
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- Geography
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Located in a Capital City
Part of the National Capital Territory of Delhi (Capital of India)
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- Trivia
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In Video Games
Age of Empires II: Hindustanis: Humayun's tomb -
Modelled after
After Gur-e Amir Mausoleum in Samarkand
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- History
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Located in a Former Capital
Delhi, Capital of Sultanate of Delhi (1206-1526) -
Mughal Empire
Humayun was the second Mughal emperor. He was buried at "the first very grand garden tomb in Mughal architecture" (wiki).
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- Architecture
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Indo-Islamic architecture
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Muqarnas
DomeSee mughalarch.com
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Glazed tiles
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Octagons
Isa Khan building -
Chahar Bagh Gardens
Humayun's "father, Babur, is credited with having introduced the Persian Chahar Bagh to India. Humayun's garden is a geometrically perfect example of the genre but differs from Babur's gardens in having a building at its centre. This makes the garden into a setting for a building, rather than a place to be enjoyed from a pavilion. The garden symbolises the emperor's place in paradise. It was not the first example of the type, but it is the oldest to survive in good condition. The garden is divided into 36 squares by a grid of water channels and paths" -
Domes
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- World Heritage Process
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Perfect Inscriptions
1993 -
Single Monuments
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Minor modifications after inscription
2016: to include Mirza Muzaffar Hussain’s Garden Tomb (3.34 ha); an unknown Mughal garden tomb (0.82 ha); Sundarwala Mahal Garden Tomb (0.37 ha); Sundar Burj Garden Tomb (0.23 ha); Nila Gumbad’s Garden Setting (0.37 ha); and Lakkarwala Burj Garden Tomb (0.31 ha). -
Already inscribed still on T List
Also included within TWHS "Sites along the Uttarapath, Badshahi Sadak, Sadak-e-Azam, Grand Trunk Road" (site 41)
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- Human Activity
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Irrigation and drainage
pools joined by channels
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- Constructions
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Mausolea
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Necropolises
dubbed 'the necropolis of the Mughal Dynasty' -
Cenotaph
Humayun's cenotaph stands alone in the main chamber; the real grave lies in the basement below
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- WHS on Other Lists
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U.S. Ambassadors Fund
Conservation of the 16th‐Century Arab Serai Complex Gateway at Humayun's Tomb in Delhi (2016)
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- Timeline
- WHS Hotspots
- Visiting conditions
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Foreigner prices
Citizens of India and visitors of SAARC (Bangladesh, Nepal, Bhutan, Sri Lanka, Pakistan, Maldives and Afghanistan) and BIMSTEC Countries (Bangladesh, Nepal, Bhutan, Sri Lanka, Thailand and Myanmar) - Rs.30 per head. Others: Rs. 500/- per headSee asi.nic.in
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- WHS Names
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Named after individual people
Humayun, second Mughal Emperor of India
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News
- lonelyplanet.com 03/24/2018
- Sunder Nursery in Delhi reopens af…
- timesofindia.indiatimes.com 04/05/2015
- Underground museum at Humayun's To…
- thehindu.com 03/23/2015
- Humayun's Tomb gets new finial
Recent Visitors
Visitors of Humayun's Tomb
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Community Reviews
Show full reviews
I'm torn with this review. On one hand humayun's tomb has a privileged place in mughal history as the first of the monumental musoleums that would end with the iconic Taj mahal. On the other hand I feel the techniques that would make the Taj mahal the masterpiece it is, hadn't yet shone through. The structure lacks the striking verticality of later mughal structures and the decoration with pietradura had yet to be perfected. This leaves the mausoleum rather plain, though the alternation of marble and sandstone somewhat lessens this.
On another note it's refreshingly empty compared with the utterly overcrowded Taj mahal and it includes a number of lesser mausoleums which are indeed very interesting and some utterly devoid of tourists. Such as the striking tomb of Isa Khan Niazi (photo), a noble from the courts of Sher Shah Suri, the man who gave the mughals a run for their money.
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My visit to Delhi in Dec 2023 was part of my mission of retracing my steps back in 2013, when I first travelled to India and missed visiting Humayun's Tomb and Qutb Minar. That was the time when I didn't care much about UNESCO World Heritage Sites, and my travel companion had a set itinerary I didn't want to deviate from. This time, I made sure that I would visit these sites.
The inscribed property refers to a complex comprising one main tomb (Humayun's tomb itself) and several other smaller tombs. Note that this complex of tombs is just one of the many tombs that are scattered across Nizamuddin neighbourhood and the greater Delhi. As a friend would call it, Delhi is both a metropolis and a massive graveyard.
1. Humayun's Tomb
We arrived at the ticket office around 2 pm, which was about the same time the school kids were finishing their visit to the tomb. We went straight to the Western Gate, passing both Bu Halima's Tomb and Garden and Isa Khan's Tomb and Mosque on the way to the main tomb. After taking a photo of the UNESCO plaque, we passed through the Western Gate and walked towards Humayun's tomb. The mausoleum sits on top of a high platform, giving the already prominent mausoleum a more "superior" status over the entire complex. We climbed the stairs and explored the mausoleum. We saw people "testing" the acoustics of the mausoleum walls, while others were busy …
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This monument is the best site to see in Delhi. I went there in 2010 and was surprised to see that it was totally different from other sites in Delhi. The surrounding was clean, calm and peaceful. No hawkers, conmen, scammers etc. And the monument was magnificient. I highly recommend this site to anyone visiting Delhi.
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I visited this WHS in January 2012. This site is unique as it was the stepping stone to build the Taj Mahal. The architectural symmetry of the tomb and its gardens can be clearly seen also in this site.
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Humayun's Tomb was the last of Delhi's WHS that I visited. It is undoubtedly the most picturesque of all of the sites, with its perfect shapes. It is easy to see how it has influenced the Taj Mahal. But I have not become a big fan of Mughal architecture here in Delhi: the buildings were constructed to impress, but lack fine details (or maybe these have disappeared during the ages, the glazed tiles are very few now).
My visit to the site lasted a mere 45 minutes, and I cannot see how I could have spent more time here (although part of the complex is fenced off at the moment). The "park" could use some more water, to make the lawns look green and fresh, and also to fill up the little canals and pools that surround the Tomb.
However, as Rob Wilson already stated below, the state of the site has improved a lot over the last few years. There's an exhibition on site where you can see "before" and "after" photos.
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I have visited the tomb twice. Once in 2002 when it was a fairly horrific state of repair. I returned last summer and am pleased to say that the ASI have done a magnificent job of restoring this wonderful old tomb. It is surely one of the most evocative tombs on Earth. It provides a moments peace from the madness of Delhi and is even more interesting if you know about the extraordinary life of Humayoun himself.
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Bustling and busy Dehli can prove to be quite a challenge for the first time visitor so entering the gates of Humayun’s Tomb felt like quite a nice relief from persistent rickshaw-drivers, touts, beggars, snake charmers and other annoying elements you are confronted with. It’s a cultural shock that any European have to go through but after some weeks of travel on the Indian continent I promise that you will see them as part of a wonderful and massively colourful society that draws you back for another visit.
Humayum’s Tomb was built by the grief-stricken wife of emperor Humayun in 1565. It took nine years to complete the tomb and it is said to be a landmark in the evolution of early Mughal architecture and legend tells that it’s been a model for the mighty Taj Mahal in Agra.
I visited Humayum’s Tomb on an early December morning when only a few visitors had entered the site and the contrast between the city and the peaceful garden and the monument was truly stunning. With several adjacent palaces and tombs, make sure you take at least some 2-3 hours to fully enjoy this wonderful place.
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Haunting. Mesmerizing. Unforgettable. The mythical aura surrounding Humayun's Tomb became a part of my soul the moment I laid my eyes on it, in January of 2005. That beautiful foggy winter morning in New Delhi is indelibly entrenched in my heart... as the day I came across perfection.
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