United Kingdom
Canterbury
Canterbury Cathedral, St Augustine's Abbey, and St Martin's Church represent the introduction of Christianity to the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms.
St.Martin's Church is England's oldest parish church in continuous use. The (now ruined) St. Augustine Abbey was also founded in the late 6th century, by the Benedictine monk Saint Augustine on a mission from Rome. Canterbury (Christ Church) Cathedral was founded a few years later. It has attracted thousands of pilgrims since Archbishop Thomas Becket was murdered here in the 11th century. It is the cathedral of the Archbishop of Canterbury, leader of the Church of England. The building is also rewarded for the beauty of its architecture and early stained glass windows.
Community Perspective: The Cathedral’s architecture is impressive, mostly for its sheer size. You can follow Queen Bertha's Walk on foot, which links the three components of this WHS.
Site Info
Official Information
- Full Name
- Canterbury Cathedral, St Augustine's Abbey, and St Martin's Church (ID: 496)
- Country
- United Kingdom
- Status
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Inscribed 1988
Site history
History of Canterbury
- 1988: Inscribed
- Inscribed
- WHS Type
- Cultural
- Criteria
- i
- ii
- vi
Links
- UNESCO
- whc.unesco.org
All Links
UNESCO.org
- whc.unesco.org — whc.unesco.org/
Related Resources
- sacredsites.com — Link
- canterbury-cathedral.org — Canterbury Cathedral Online
News Article
- Sept. 13, 2022 tandfonline.com — New research identifies England’s oldest surviving church
- Nov. 14, 2009 telegraph.co.uk — Damage caused by Oliver Cromwell's army 350 years ago is threatening to ruin the tomb of the Black Prince in Canterbury Cathedral
- Sept. 8, 2009 news.bbc.co.uk — Archaeologists working Canterbury Cathedral have had parts of the structure dated to the time of William the Conqueror and the Domesday Book
- May 11, 2007 kentnews.co.uk — The Save Canterbury Cathedral Appeal has raised 6.5 million to save the building threatened by old age and pollution
Community Information
- Community Category
- Religious structure: Christian
Travel Information
London hotspot
Recent Connections
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Perfect Inscriptions
1988 -
Tunnels
Pilgrims' Tunnel: constructed ca. 1420 … -
Gothic
The cathedral was largely rebuilt in th…
Connections of Canterbury
- Individual People
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Geoffrey Chaucer
Chaucer's most famous work (albeit probably unfinished) was the "Canterbury Tales" which adopts the format of stories told by a group of Pilgrims traveling between Southwark and the tomb of Thomas a Becket in Canterbury Cathedral. Apparently intended to cover 2 stories from each of 30 pilgrims in each direction (i.e 120), only 24 tales are known of and the group never reaches Canterbury! It is also not known if Chaucer ever visited the city though he was a JP for the county of Kent
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- Trivia
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Dubbed as another WHS
Rome of Britain
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- History
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Assassinations
(The Crypt) St Thomas Becket (Dec 29 1170) -
Via Francigena
Starting point
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- Architecture
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Architectural design competitions
William of Sens won the competition for a master mason to rebuild the burnt-out church in a gothic manner in the 1170s (Wells, Heaven on Earth p165). -
Gothic
The cathedral was largely rebuilt in the Gothic style following a fire in 1174 (wiki) -
Romanesque
Cathedral
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- World Heritage Process
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Perfect Inscriptions
1988
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- Religion and Belief
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Protestantism
Anglicanism -
Benedictines
St Augustine's Abbey was a Benedictine abbey -
Cadaver tombs
Canterbury Cathedral houses the well-known cadaver monument to Henry Chichele, Archbishop of Canterbury (1414-1443) (wiki) -
Introduction of Christianity
"The monuments at Canterbury reflect in tangible form ... the reintroduction of Christianity to southern Britain by St Augustine, commencing at St Martin?s Church where Queen Bertha already worshipped, and leading to the conversion of King Ethelbert." (UNESCO). Augustine " was the prior of a monastery in Rome when Pope Gregory the Great chose him in 595 to lead a mission .. to Britain to convert the pagan King Aethelbert of Kent to Christianity" (Wiki) -
Christian Pilgrimage Sites
Cathedral associated with Saint Thomas Becket. -
Cathedrals
Church of Christ
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- Constructions
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Thrones
"The Chair of St Augustine (...) is the ceremonial enthronement cathedra chair of the Archbishop of Canterbury in Canterbury Cathedral, Kent."See en.wikipedia.org
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Tunnels
Pilgrims' Tunnel: constructed ca. 1420 to enable the vast numbers of pilgrims visiting the shrine of St Thomas Becket to do so without disturbing the monks. Cleared and opened for tourists in 2004.See news.bbc.co.uk
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- Timeline
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Built in the 6th century
St. Martin's Church + Kingdom of Kent's conversion to Christianity in 597. The Cathedral was founded in 602
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- WHS Hotspots
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London hotspot
Direct train in less than an hour
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- 18
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Works by Nobel Prize winning authors
TS Eliot (1948) - Murder in the Cathedral; Gurnah (2021): Pilgrims Way ("the novel ends with Daud's visit to Canterbury Cathedral")
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News
- tandfonline.com 09/13/2022
- New research identifies England’s …
- telegraph.co.uk 11/14/2009
- Damage caused by Oliver Cromwell's…
- news.bbc.co.uk 09/08/2009
- Archaeologists working Canterbury …
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Community Reviews
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I visited Canterbury in June 2025, a return to my old university stomping ground! Although I lived in Canterbury for three years, and graduated from Canterbury Cathedral, I have never visited St Augustine's Abbey or St Martin's Church (2/3 of the components of the Canterbury WHS). On my WHS journey, this was a mistake that needed to be rectified!
On a sunny Saturday afternoon, I drove to Canterbury and parked opposite St Augustine's Abbey in Longport Car Park. As can only be expected for a busy Saturday afternoon, the car park was rammed and I was lucky to find a small space at the rear of the car park. St Augustine's Abbey usually costs approximately £11 for an adult, but luckily for me is free with an English Heritage membership. You enter into a long building which takes you through the chronological history of St Augustine's Abbey from its inception as an Anglo Saxon monastery, to its rebirth under Norman rule, to a Tudor royal palace. The displays are interesting, if a little formulaic.
Next stop was the ruins themselves! I declined the audio guide as I find these very cumbersome and annoying, but I managed sufficiently well with the information boards and some Googling. The ruins are fairly standard for England following Henry VIII's dissolution, but there are some very interesting areas such as the graves of Anglo Saxon kings, and the original foundations of the Anglo Saxon monastery. After an hour or so wandering round the ruins, I …
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I visited this WHS in May 2019. Even though I have visited my uncountable cathedrals and churches worldwide, I must say I enjoyed my visit to the Canterbury Cathedral and inscribed sites. Restoration works are currently in full swing covering most of the cathedral's exterior and the main nave inside, however the highlights of my visit inside the cathedral could be enjoyed easily, namely the cathedral choir (try to combine your visit when they are practicing), the colour frescoes in the Chapel of St Gabriel inside the crypt and the fan vaulted ceiling of the Bell Harry Tower (photo).
I parked my car at the very convenient pay per use Longport Car Park, just in front on St Augustine's Abbey. On purpose, I headed first to the 1400+ year old St. Martin's Church, the oldest church in English-speaking countries which is still in use. The wooden entrance to the small cemetery and the carved baptism font were worth viewing for free but special mention goes to the very kind, dedicated and polite old locals who take it in turns to make sure that the small church is at least open on Tuesdays, Thursdays and Fridays from 11am to 3pm and on Saturdays till 4pm (apart from the Sunday mass).
From this small church I followed the Queen Bertha's Walk which links the three components of this WHS (there are iron UNESCO signs on the floor in front of each inscribed site and a new inscription plaque just before …
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I visited Canterbury in August 2015, beginning with a drink outside Christ Church Gate to the is mixed Romanesque and Gothic cathedral that is the seat of the most senior figure in the Church of England.
The crypt held quite a surprise for me, as I was not expecting to see twelfth century frescoes in a C of E cathedral. The paintings, located in St Gabriel’s Chapel, were painted long before the C of E was created under Henry VIII, and the chapel was bricked up soon after its creation. It was discovered in the late nineteenth century, with restoration work finishing only in the 1990s. The frescoes put me in mind of the crypt at the Basilica of Aquileia.
St Augustine’s Abbey is a ruin, wrecked by Henry VIII in the Dissolution of the Monasteries. I didn't find it greatly interesting, I'm afraid.
St Martin’s Church, a ten minute walk up the road from the abbey, is an unassuming little building that looks like any other English parish church. It dates back to slightly before the abbey – so old, in fact, that Roman bricks have been found to form part of its structure. It is the only free-to-enter site of the three, and is a charming oasis of calm that is overlooked by most tourists to the city.
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Visited Aachen cathedral last Sunday, open and welcoming to all ... and then Canterbury the next day. Judging by the way it is difficult to even walk round the cathedral without parting with a substantial amount of money one may conclude that it is run by a firm of accountants or bankers.
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By the cozy high speed train service from St. Pancras Station in London, within one hour, I was wandering in the ancient town of Canterbury, admiring its surprisingly well preserved but lively old town with many shops and restaurants around its famous cathedral. It was quite strange that at first, I could not find the cathedral since it was well hidden behind the row of shops until I noticed the impressive cathedral gate by the group of tourists waiting to pay entrance ticket! When I entered the Cathedral precinct, I was welcomed by the sheer size of the cathedral and the cheer voice from hundreds of students on the field trip! To avoid the crowd, I had to see the cloister first which brought me a chance to admire the cathedral's front entrance which adorned by statues of many famous historical figures including Queen Elizabeth and Queen Victoria. I was quite disappointed with the cloister; however, the chapter house was very beautiful with intricate ceiling and stained-glass windows of many well-known religious men including the famous King Henry VIII!
Then I entered into the cathedral, it was quite overwhelmed by the size of the place and countless of arches of Trinity Chapel, which was the shrine of Saint Thomas Becket. My top interest was the tomb of the Black Prince which I read from the newspaper that the tomb was a victim of stronger UV ray so that the cathedral has to install the blind at the window to …
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I went to Canterbury on december 20th, 2008 with a buscompany. We crossed the channel with a ferry and 20 minutes later I stood in Canterbury. I really liked the cathedral, from all the churches and cathedrals I've seen I like this one the most. It has an interesting architecture, a nice environment filled with nice buildings, a lot of history (Thomas Becket), the graves of members of the royal family (the black prince and king Henry IV), an interesting crypt,... I used the audioguide which was insightfull. And since it was christmas I could enjoy the nice nativity scene in front of the cathedral. I also managed to hear a bit from the evensong at 15.15h, Which I really enjoyed. The solemn music of the choir combined was really nice. Sadly I missed the small ceremony of the bells at 11.00. After the cathedral I visited St. Martin's Church, a short walk from the cathedral. I was fortunate that the church was open that day, although it isn't too spectacular on the inside, although the cemetary has a nice midevil feel to it. St. Augustine's abbey is an interesting site, quite peacefull, kinda like you're in an open field, where you can walked around very relaxed. I certainly liked it. I learned a lot about the christian faith in the UK by visiting this site. Ow and there was some time left too for shopping.
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I have been to Canterbury Cathedral many times, and yes, it does cost to get in. There is one obvious exception to the admittance fees-actually attending services (what this magnificent church is intended for). When compared to some of the other CofE treasures (Westminster Abbey, St. Paul's Cathedral in London) here, you get to actually stop and admire the sheer craftsmanship, without being herded around. THAT alone makes this a jewel in the crown.
Some spots not to be missed, the site of the Tomb of St. Thomas-though there is only a candle marking the spot, look closely at the floor, and you can see the indentations from centuries of kneeling on the floor at the shrine-a reminder that you are only one of millions to come to this place. There is also a window that gives an idea of what the shrine actually looked like before being destroyed-it reminds me of the tomb of St. Edward-the Confessor (Westminster Abbey).
The Bell Harry Tower, just look up! Wow.
The grounds of the Cathedral have some interesting ruins to look at.
Make your visit personal, walk around, make the time to take it all in, ask questions of the staff, they have always been helpful, and knowledgeable. Get your money's worth from your visit! Who knows, perhaps this wonderful place will inspire you.
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Canterbury is a fairly small and cosy university town at the southeastern tip of England. I heard French and Dutch spoken in the streets, proof of the proximity of the European mainland: at nearby Dover, the ferries from France dock and the Eurostar train terminal is at Ashford, 20 kilometres away. This link to Europe also is what brought WHS status to Canterbury's monuments: historic and symbolic stepping points in the spreading of Christianity to England from the mainland.
The story starts with St. Martin's Church, a tiny parish church. Christian communities already existed in England in the first or second century, but they practiced separately from the Church of Rome and paganism still was abundant on the island. In the 6th century, St. Martin's became the private chapel of Queen Bertha of Kent. Queen Bertha was a Christian when she arrived in England and her husband King Ethelbert allowed her to continue to practice her religion in an existing church in use in the late Roman period. This church is still in use nowadays, making it the oldest in England. There's an old cemetery and some tall trees, I found it a bit spooky wandering around on my own.
Not far from St. Martin's are the ruins of St. Augustine Abbey. It was founded in 597 by (Saint) Augustine, who had been sent by Pope Gregory I to England to revive Christianity. The exact site has seen many uses since then, from a Benedictine monastery to a …
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The Cathedral is a very large complex and well worth the admision fee as you could comfortably spend a few hours exploring it. For me it was also a deeply spiritual experience, I am not a religiouse person but the poigniancy of the areas associated with Thomas A Becket really affected me.
The other sites inscribed on the list are not to far away either they are about a 10 minute walk from the Cathedral, The Abbey has an entrance fee but was closed when i got there at 5:30 but you can still look in, St Martins church is a few minutes further on and is quaint, but is impressive as it is the oldest Church in Britain.
The town of Canterbury itself is really lovely and has much more to offere than just the Cathedral, it also has a much more European feel as it is easily accesable from Dover and Ashford so in easy range of both ferries and Eurostar Trains.
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I visited both the Cathedral and St Martin's. The Cathedral was beautiful and fascinating. I spent hours examining what I thought was every nook and cranny only to find that I still managed to miss some things. The cloisters and the crypt completely absorbed me. St. Martin's was extremely interesting and a very intimate experience. I was the only visitor in the church and was treated to a personal tour and history of the church by a volunteer from the parish. He was extremely knoweledgeable and very, very interesting. I have to admit I only came upon St Martin's by accident, if that gentleman hadn't been there, I may have walked away not realising its importance in British religious history.
I tried to visit the abbey, but discovered that is closed on Mondays and Tuesdays during certain months of the year. I was bitterly disappointed because I only had one day in the city, but it did look very interesting from afar.
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I visited Canterbury Cathedral and St Martin's Church on Remembrance Day, Sunday, 11 November 1976. I attended the Choral Eucharist at eh Cathedral and vividly recall the eerie, but breathtakingly beautiful sound of the men and boy choir that sang the Mass. After the service, I walked to St Martin's Church. The day was cold with a hazy sun. When I entered the church, I was overcome with tears because St. Martin's was the parish church of my grandfather, Charles Murphy, a native of Canterby. Grandpa Murphy sang as a boy chorister at St Martin's. Visiting my grandfather's church, the oldest Christian church in continuous use in England, was an unforgetable experience.
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The Cathedral is exceptional and is the pinnacle of the Church of England. The complex itself is huge and I easily spent a full afternoon walking around it. The Cathedral has been a place of pilgrimage for the last 800 years due to the murder/ martyring of former Archbishop Thomas Beckett and the areas associated with this are some of the most poignant I have ever borne witness to. The architecture is impressive as this was the first Gothic construction in the British Isles and there are plenty of additional aspects such as the Cloister which add to the building.
The other parts of the site are a bit further out from the centre both on the same road. The first is St Augustine's Abbey which was closed when I got there but I could see in and there seemed to be a reasonably large set of ruins to view. About 100m further on is St Martins church which was small and very pleasant with some nice views back to the Cathedral, it is also the oldest church in Britain alas this was closed as well as I spent so much time in the Cathedral itself.
The city of Canterbury is nice and due to its closeness to London and Dover has a lot of foreign tourists giving it a nice cosmopolitan feel. It is easy to reach the city with regular connections from London, the channel port of Dover and the Eurostar terminus at Ashford is only 20km away.
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Canterbury is one of the most important places in Britain from a historical, religous, and archaeological point of view, and it makes a worthwhile daytrip from London or a convenient stopover on the way between London and Dover. Christ Church Cathedral, the seat of Canterbury's Archbishop and the centre of the Anglican Church, is just huge and can be seen from a great distance. It's interesting, but overall I felt that except for its sheer size, there's not that much to distinguish it from Britain's many other cathedrals, some of which I thought were better and even more interesting (Durham, for example). I enjoyed St.Martin's a lot more, Britain's oldest church, where you are likely to be the only visitor and can take a closer look at the building and the surrounding cemetery. St.Augustine's Abbey seemed to be not much more than a collection of ruins, but you can see much of it from the outside of the archaeological area. All in all, a great place for a visit.
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