Belgium
Brugge
The Historic Centre of Brugge represents a medieval town built mostly in brick Gothic, which also was the birthplace of the Flemish Primitives painting school.
From the 13th-15th centuries, Brugge was a thriving international trading center due to the production of cloth and the presence of a Hansean warehouse. Numerous Gothic buildings and churches were built. The patronage of the arts supported the works of the Flemish Primitives such as Jan van Eyck and Hans Memling.
Community Perspective: The medieval centre is well-preserved and the Belfort offers some of the best views over the city. A boat trip through the canals is also worth it. The ambiance of the town is magnified in the early morning and late evening hours when all of the day-trippers have left for the day and you can wander the streets by yourself.
Site Info
Official Information
- Full Name
- Historic Centre of Brugge (ID: 996)
- Country
- Belgium
- Status
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Inscribed 2000
Site history
History of Brugge
- 2000: Inscribed
- Inscribed
- WHS Type
- Cultural
- Criteria
- ii
- iv
- vi
Links
- UNESCO
- whc.unesco.org
All Links
UNESCO.org
- whc.unesco.org — whc.unesco.org/
Related Resources
- bezoekers.brugge.be — Brugge.be
News Article
- June 13, 2019 edition.cnn.com — Bruges makes moves to restrict tourism
- Oct. 18, 2014 wired.com — Bruges-based brewery is building an underground pipeline to move beer
- June 27, 2010 nieuwsblad.be — Inspection by Unesco leaves Brugge with lots of suggestions for improvement
- June 27, 2010 nieuwsblad.be — Inspection by Unesco leaves Brugge with lots of suggestions for improvement
- March 26, 2010 nieuwsblad.be — Brugge under Unesco scrutiny because of new development
Community Information
- Community Category
- Urban landscape: Medieval European
Travel Information
Exact locations inscribed twice (or more)
Brussels hotspot
Recent Connections
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Perfect Inscriptions
2000 -
European Garden Heritage Network
Ramparts BrugesSee www.eghn.org
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Carthusian Order
Genadedal (inc. Sheen Anglorum)See nl.w…
Connections of Brugge
- Individual People
- Geography
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North Sea
Bruges' connection to the North Sea made it a prosperous mercantile city and an importat Hanseatic city. "Bruges became important due to the tidal inlet that was important to local commerce. This inlet was then known as the "Golden Inlet". (...) Since about 1050, gradual silting had caused the city to lose its direct access to the sea. A storm in 1134, however, re-established this access, through the creation of a natural channel at the Zwin. The new sea arm stretched all the way to Damme,[14] a city that became the commercial outpost for Bruges." (wiki)
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- Trivia
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Modern Board Games
Brugge (2013) -
Replica in Mini-Europe
Curtius House, Belfry -
Hotels in Historic Buildings
Kempinski Duke's Palace Hotel is a former residence of the Dukes's of Burgundy -
Dubbed as another WHS
Venice of the North -
Depicted in Mizielinska Maps
See i.pinimg.com
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On beer cans and bottles
"Brugse Zot" and "Brugs Tarwebier/Blanche de Bruges"* -
Google Doodles
3 April 2016, Start of the 100th tour of FlandersSee www.google.com
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On Passports
The Belgian passport has pictures of the city halls of the provinces' capital cities, including Bruges. -
WHS within walking distance
Walk from Brugge city center
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- History
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Republic of Genoa
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Treaties
Treaty of Bruges (1375)See en.wikipedia.org
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Hanseatic League
"Bruges had a strategic location at the crossroads of the northern Hanseatic League trade, who had a kontor in the city, and the southern trade routes. " (wiki) -
Contains significant structures from the 21st Century
Concertgebouw (2002), designed by Paul Robbrecht and Hilde Daem for Brugge's Cultural Capital of Europe in 2002
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- Architecture
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Urban fabric
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Gothic Revival
In 1822 the belfry of Bruges received the current neo-Gothic crown finish instead of a spire.See nl.wikipedia.org
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Created by Michelangelo
Madonna in the Our Lady's Church -
Octagons
The octagonal gothic upper part of the belfrySee nl.wikipedia.org
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Brick architecture
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Baroque
church of Saint WalburgaSee fr.wikipedia.org
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Gothic
Cloth Hall and City Hall
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- World Heritage Process
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Perfect Inscriptions
2000 -
Exact locations inscribed twice (or more)
Historic center = Brugge 1
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- Religion and Belief
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Cathedrals
St Salvador -
Jesuit Order
church of Saint WalburgaSee fr.wikipedia.org
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Carmelites
Church of the CarmelitesSee nl.wikipedia.org
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Religious Relics
Holy Blood at Heilige Bloed Basiliek -
Anglican churches outside of the Commonwealth
Since 1987, Anglican services are held in St. Peters Chapel (a.k.a. Het Keerske), a building shared with the Protestant Church. The building dates back to 1080 and has been renovated many times since.See nl.wikipedia.org
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Carthusian Order
Genadedal (inc. Sheen Anglorum)See nl.wikipedia.org
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- Human Activity
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Breweries
De Halve Maan -
Textiles
Cloth Hall -
Sea Ports
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Historical Financial Institutions
House of the Van der Burse family: in the late 13th century commodity traders in Bruges gathered inside the house of a man called Van der Burse, and in 1309 they institutionalized this until now informal meeting and became the "Bruges Bourse". The idea spread quickly around Flanders and neighbouring counties.
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- Constructions
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Medieval buildings with significant 19th century murals
Gotische Zaal at Stadhuis by Jean-Baptiste Betune -
Historic Pharmacies
Memlingmuseum-Sint-Janshospitaal (17th century) -
Hospitals
Saint John's Hospital -
Large squares
Grote Markt, 10000 m2 -
Obelisk
At the Vismarkt -
Canals
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Bazaars and Market Halls
The "Stadshallen" were a commercial and administrative complex that served as a place for commercial activities and storage.See nl.wikipedia.org
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Famous Bells
The "Triomfklok", also named Maria, was cast in 1680 and is one of the bigger bells in Belgium (6 tonnes, diameter of 2,06 metres). It is rung during festivities, e.g. the Procession of the Holy Blood.See nl.wikipedia.org
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Carillons
At the BelfrySee nl.wikipedia.org
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Windmills
Sint-Janshuismolen (1770)See nl.wikipedia.org
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Leaning Tower
The belfry of Bruges is 83 meters high and leans slightly (87 centimeters towards Wollestraat). In the 13th century, the tower started to lean in a south-easterly direction, perhaps as a result of a filled in watercourse. A westward correction was applied to the elevation of the tower. To prevent further sagging, the corners of the tower were reinforced in 1554 with heavy pillars.See nl.wikipedia.org
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Bandstand
In the Koningin Astridpark
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- WHS on Other Lists
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Pritzker Architecture Prize
Toyo Ito (2013) - build a pavillion for the Burg in Brugge, when it was the European Capital of Culture (it's still there, dilapidated)See www.standaard.be
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European Capital of Culture
2002 -
UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists
Holy Blood Procession -
European Garden Heritage Network
Ramparts BrugesSee www.eghn.org
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- Timeline
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Built in the 14th century
The Gothic town hall of 1376 remains the oldest in the Low Countries. From 1384 to 1500 Brugge enjoyed its Golden Age under the Dukes of Burgundy. (AB ev)
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- WHS Hotspots
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Brussels hotspot
Brussels hotspot
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- Science and Technology
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Universities
United Nations University
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- 18
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Location for a classic movie
In Bruges (2008)See en.wikipedia.org
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News
- edition.cnn.com 06/13/2019
- Bruges makes moves to restrict tou…
- wired.com 10/18/2014
- Bruges-based brewery is building a…
- nieuwsblad.be 06/27/2010
- Inspection by Unesco leaves Brugge…
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Visitors of Brugge
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Community Reviews
Show full reviews
I've been to Brugge three times and I'm yet to be disappointed.
I know we are all different but I really struggle to see how people rate Brugge at three stars. It's a 5 star tourist destination. One of the best preserved medieval towns in Europe, the "Venice of the north" with it's extensive canal network (although I dislike that tag) and several UNESCO listed sites besides the Historic Center of Brugge itself.
Yes, it does get overrun with tourists (what do you expect?) and it can be expensive but it's still one of the great sights in Europe and definitely the best in Belgium.
The centerpiece of the town is the Grote Markt (market square) with the towering 13th century Belfort (belfry of Brugge, also part of a UNESCO listing, Belfries of France and Belgium) looming over it. The square itself is surrounded by beautiful Flemish houses with their stepped facades.
But there is more to Brugge than the fairy tale main square. There's another UNESCO site to the south of city center, the Begjinhof (Flemish Béguinages), that sits at the north end of Minnewater Park (picture), a lush open green park surrounded by canals and dotted with medieval fortifications. There's the impressive Sashuis (lock keepers house) where the waters of the canals flow through the arches that support the main building.
Other notable sights include the Burg and the Basilica of the Holy Blood.
Despite the many sites though, the joy of Brugge is actually just being there, …

In 2008, we watched the movie In Bruges and were immediately captivated by the charming town. The cast of Colin Farrell, Brendan Gleeson, and Ralph Fiennes didn’t hold a candle to the beautiful buildings and romantic canals in the town.
Years later, in 2018, we had the chance to visit Bruges twice: once in summer and once in the winter for Christmas. Bruges is not far from Brussels and can easily be visited as a day-trip from the capital. However, the ambiance of the town is magnified in the early morning and late evening hours when all of the day-trippers have left for the day and you can wander the streets between the Hanseatic buildings by yourself.
The incredible medieval town city was everything that we hoped for. We fell in love with the Dutch-Gothic architecture of the beautiful Beguinage cloister, itself a UNESCO World Heritage Site (a UNESCO site within a UNESCO site).
In many ways, Bruges is lucky. It was twice captured by the Germans in the World Wars, but both times it escaped destruction – by either the Germans or the Allies. In visiting Bruges, we got a glimpse of what other cities in Europe may have looked like if they had avoided destruction.
The best part of Bruges may be the chance to do nothing at all. It is the perfect place to take a canal cruise and sit by the water while enjoying some of that famous Belgian chocolate. Or maybe …
Keep reading 0 comments
Brugge is a beautiful city, and one of the highlights of my visit to Belgium in August 2018. The first evening I spent in Brugge, I enjoyed traditional moules-frites with friends at a cafe on the market square, admiring the Gothic architecture with the doubly-inscribed belfry towering overhead. Over the course of two days, we spent memorable hours wandering the city, admiring canals, churches, chocolate shops, and the walls and windmills surrounding the city. We also climbed the belfry for overhead views of the winding streets and waterways. Back at ground level, the beguinage delivered a quiet respite from tourist crowds, and I loved its location on the water. In fact, the canals were perhaps my favorite aspect of the city, providing a backdrop to historical buildings and offering scenic boat tours that crossed under the numerous bridges from which the city gets its name. Along one of the canals we encountered a Sunday market with numerous stalls we enjoyed perusing. I'd been uncertain of how much I would enjoy Brugge after reading Rodenbach's Bruges-la-Morte prior to the trip, but I was pleased to find it as photogenic and welcoming as I had heard from others who have visited the city.
Logistics: Brugge is easily accessible by train or private transport, and the city is quite navigable on foot, though I highly recommend making time for at least one boat tour.
Keep reading 0 comments
My wife and I visited Brugge (Bruges) in August 2017. I'd visited just over 12 years earlier, and little seemed to have changed. It's still very beautiful, still very touristy, and still enchanting.
One thing I would definitely recommend is staying in the old town for two nights at least, since a lot of people just see Bruges as a day-trip from Brussels, and it's much more tolerable in the early morning/late evening when the crowds have gone home.
See below for my full video review!
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In Bruges, there are the churches and the grandiose public buildings. They symbolise the medieval settlement that was once a commercial and cultural capital of Europe. They brought people here from across the world hundreds of years ago and they continue to do so today.
But it’s a living city, much more than many of the other famous historic centres of Europe. Houses, apartments, local bars. How can somewhere so famous for tourists still have so many pockets with no strangers on the sidewalks, no visitors in the cafes?
It’s the light and the shade of Belgium’s picturesque urban treasure. Together, everything within the eleventh century walls is in its rightful place. The medieval street pattern survives, the canals once used for trade remain, and the influence of the old resident artists permeates throughout.
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I went to Bruges with university friends in July 2009 (having also visited with family the year before).
After a pleasant walk around the cobbled streets and bridges (not forgetting the alcoves) we headed to a bar on the Grote Markt where we would end up spending a lot of time (and money) over the next three days.
We tried lots of Belgian beer - some of the better ones were: Bruge Zot, Duval, Kwak, Leffe (Blonde & Brun), Jupiler (of which we took a keg home), Chimay, Stella Artois (it is definitely better in Belgium) and Judas.
On our last day we climbed the Belfry, which involves a very narrow spiral staircase which is nauseating to climb - not to mention with a hangover.
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Brugge is a magical place. Rather than simply find a heritage site surrounded by a city, it feels like the entire city is a heritage site. You are truly transported back in time with swans swimming on canals and eating in restaurants built in the 17th Century.
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I had been utterly ignorant about the city of Bruges, until I discovered it in one of the travel websites. My companion and I travelled to Bruges by a luxury coach organised by a Tour operator in Paris. When we finally reached Bruges after several hours' journey, I saw Bruges for the first time - and it was breathtakingly beautiful! The 30-minute boat cruise was amazing as I could see and enjoyed the view of the city from the canals. Now I see why the city is named as 'Venice of the North'. Bruges is truly beautiful - my first experience and view of a medieval city. I love the architecture, the beautiful and intricate bobbin laceworks and the chocolates. The Lake of Love and those beautiful swans stole my heart, and I will surely visit Bruges again....
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Among the historic towns of Belgium it is undoubtedly the most impressive one, with the main square with its colorful and original buildings. you can get lost in the historic streets, even far away from the channels. Enjoy also some windmill nearby.
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Brugges, sigh!!... You really do have to take a deep breath when you think or speak about this magical breathtaken, gorgeous medieval city.
When you are walking the uneven, very old cobblestone streets, while you listen to horse and carriages go by or the towering churches bells sound, it transports you back in time, and makes you forget for a little all your sorrows.
It feels like you need to take a virtual tour instead of your regular pictures, you will need to turn 90 degrees on each picture so you don't miss anything, because everything you see it's a gorgeous little corner picture.
You feel, in a christmass town in the middle of August. I think it would be a great honeymoon spot, quaint and romantic with white beautiful swans next to the love lake. One destination not to miss on your wish list!!
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I've visited Bruges 6-7 times at least and I was never let down. A boat trip through the canals is well worth IMO as it gives you an overall view of Bruges. My favourite visit was in Winter when everything was covered with snow - every photo I took was like a Xmas card!
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It is worth-visiting Brugge for everybody who wants to enjoy a medieval urban landscape. The historical center is so large that one can find picturesque places without crowds of tourists. Nevertheless, I have some doubts on the medieval authenticity of the site, because I would expect half-timbered houses instead of brick neo-gothic.
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My husband and I visited Brugge in December 2008. He had recently watched the movie "In Brugge" and suggested we add the city to our European vacation itinerary. I am so pleased that we did. From the very second you enter the historic city centre you are taken back in time, you just feel your very soul relax. Our hotel was a small one located around the corner from one of many cathedrals, well within an easy walk of the town centre. Brugge is in a word "breathtaking". Christmastime was especially lovely - although everything is beautifully lit, nothing is too commercial and nothing detracts from the history of the place. Everyone we spoke with while there were extremely pleasant and helpful. All spoke at least a little English. Not to be missed is a horse and buggy ride through the charming city. Not only is it lovely, but also very informative. Most individuals we've talked to before and since our trip knew very little about this hidden treasure - we encourage anyone visiting Europe to add this special place to your trip - it is well worth it.
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Growing up I've never been interested in travelling to Europe...until I was sent to Belgium by my former company in 2005 for a Canadian/ EU seminar. If not for that company I wouldn't have had the opportunity to taste and see a part of Europe. After 5 days of being in Brussels, I have decided to explore other cities/ towns and be left behind by my group for another extra day. I went for a day trip (on a tour bus) to Ghent and Brugge ( a co-worker encouraged me to visit these places). I was not disappointed..it was worth the trip. My favourite was Brugge...what an AMAZING place. I was so excited to see castles and to walk in cobblestone streets Being there felt like that the world stood still. The place has it's character-very charming and magical...It's like being in another world. I enjoyed the scenery, the people and the culture. I fell inlove with the place and from someone who's disinterested in Europe in the first place...I am now totally converted. I promised myself that one day I will come back again to continue exploring Belgium and who knows maybe other European countries.
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Brugge, which I visited in the summer of 2004 is one of the most beautiful Belgian and even European towns. Most buildings are very well preserved and make you feel as if you were in a very rich medieval city. A feeling that's underlined by all the horse carriages in the city. The city is full of tourists, but I think it's a proof that this town is worth more than one visit!
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I agree that it´s very hard to determine whether Brugge is Europe´s best-preserved medieval city, but it certainly ranks very near the top. The fact that after the city´s Hanseatic League/trading empire heyday, its economic fortunes plummeted was bad news for its people at the time, but a real boon for today´s visitors. The many canals and the chance of a pleasant boat ride give Brugge a Venice-like feel, and the many quiet spots (despite the big number of tourists) really do give the impression of a medieval town. Brugge is today no more one of Europe´s major trading ports (nearby Antwerp has taken over this role, since Brugge isn´t even on the sea anymore), but it still is one of the most interesting tourist destinations - certainly No.1 in Belgium. And for WH collectors - it features a belfry and a béguinage as well.
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I had heard a lot about Brugge before I went there and was not disappointed in what I saw. There were a lot of other tourists there but if you just go off and find some little back roads and canals and you seem to have the place all to yourself.
The medieval centre is well preserved and contains some fantastic buildings, including the bizarre looking Belfort (which incidentally is part of another UNESCO site, Belfries of Flanders and Wallonia) but it does offer some of the best views over the city.
I was a little disappointed in the main churches, the Onze Lieve Vrouwkerk contains the only sculpture by Michelangelo outside of Italy but this was made a little hard to stomach by the large crowds and piped ambient music that really detracted from the atmosphere. The Heligbloed Basiliek again was filled with tourists and a continues announcement asking for donations which made it feel much more like a tourist trap not a place of pilgrimage!
On the plus side the Groeningemuseum was very impressive for its collection of Flemish Primitive works! Also the beginhof is quite nice and yet another separate UNESCO site so that is three for the price of one!!
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Today I remembered that in a few months it will have been 20 years since I visited Brugge. I arrived there on July 3, 1984 and spent the first night in the youth hostel. It was my first trip to Europe and I had just spent the previous 3 weeks travelling through England and Scotland.
On the next day, I went into the delicatessen in the Market Square, which is (was) next to Cafe Cranenburg (sp?) to buy some cheese for my lunch. I was waited on by a tall, raven haired woman with whom I flirted. She was decidedly unimpressed with me, so I took my cheese and left.
Later that day, I had just walked out of the post office on the other side of the Market Square when I saw the woman from the deli go past. I went after her and caught up to her as she was looking at a store window display. I began a conversation and within a few minutes, we went to a cafe to have a drink.
We hit it off quite well this time and made plans for dinner that evening. Well, to make a very long story short, I spent the next two weeks with her. Everyday that she had to work, she would finish at 2 pm. I would be waiting for her in the Cafe. Then we would spend the day seeing the city. There's really not a whole lot there, as it's quite small, yet I …
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In 1980 as we walked toward downtown Brugge, we found hundreds of people in costume and medieval dress, and many horses and sheep waiting for a parade to start. Brugge puts on this pageant every five years, and it tells the history of the town in about 90 scenes depicting various incidents. There were dancers, singers, horses, flocks of sheep, and hundreds of people in costumes. It was very interesting, although we learned more than we needed to know about Brugge's history.
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I enjoyed this city, here I learned to love the spirit of Belgium - yes, to my mind you have it! Don't underestimate this fabulous place. Is it the best preserved medieval town in Europe? I have doubts, but definitely among the best. Numerous channels make it very special.
History is quite interesting here - its hard to imagine now, that rather recently sea was right at the city.
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On a sunny Saturday, I drove to the town of Bruges, about 2 hours from my home. My preparations (websites and a travel guide) left me with high expectations for "The best-preserved medieval town in Europe". I wasn't disappointed, but I rate Tallinn (that I visited a few months ago) higher - probably because Belgian towns are so familiar to me.
My first stop in town was the Church of Our Lady, with a delicate statue of Mary and her child. It was made by Michelangelo, and it's the only work of his that can be seen outside Italy. Inside (or beneath) this church there are also impressively decorated graves of Burgundian Kings.
In the center of Bruges, at the large Market Square, the enormous Belfry Tower and Cloth Hall dominate the scene. The Tower just seems to be too high for the building underneath that has to support it. Other interesting places to visit are the Beguinage and the Gruuthuse-museum (in a lovely building).
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