Transhumance

Connected Sites: 13

Definition
"Transhumance is the seasonal movement of people with their livestock between fixed summer and winter pastures. In montane regions (vertical transhumance), it implies movement between higher pastures in summer and lower valleys in winter. Herders have a permanent home, typically in valleys. Generally only the herds travel, with a certain number of people necessary to tend them, while the main population stays at the base. In contrast, horizontal transhumance is more susceptible to being disrupted by climatic, economic or political change.[1] Traditional or fixed transhumance occurs or has occurred throughout the inhabited world, particularly Europe and western Asia. It is often of high importance to pastoralist societies, as the dairy products of transhumance flocks and herds (milk, butter, yogurt and cheese) often form much of the diet of such populations......." EXCLUDING "Full nomadism" whereby there are no permanent settlements.

Map

Connected Sites

  • Madriu-Perafita-Claror Valley
    Inscribed: 2004
    2.66
    148
    9
    "The centuries-old transhumant system of grazing continues within the area. with frequent movement of herds across the French-Spanish border." (AB eval)
  • Pyrénées - Mont Perdu
    Inscribed: 1997
    3.57
    120
    7
    an outstanding example of a type of transhumance that was once widespread in the mountainous regions of Europe, but which today is rare (OUV)
  • Khinalig
    Khinalig
    Azerbaijan
    Inscribed: 2023
    2.76
    23
    2
    Includes "the connecting transhumance route, called Köç Yolu (“Migration Route”)." (AB ev)
  • Hawraman/Uramanat
    Inscribed: 2021
    2.07
    8
    1
    seasonal vertical migration (AB ev)
  • Al-Faw
    Al-Faw
    Saudi Arabia
    Inscribed: 2024
    1.29
    4
    3
    "A large number of tapered structures are dated to the second half of the 3rd millennium BCE and continued into the early 2nd millennium BCE. These possibly suggest the presence of transhumance routes radiating in different directions around the proto-oasis." (AB Ev)
  • West Norwegian Fjords
    Inscribed: 2005
    4.21
    224
    9
    Remnants of old and now mostly abandoned transhumant farms add a cultural aspect to the dramatic natural landscape (OUV)
  • Val d'Orcia
    Inscribed: 2004
    3.23
    198
    11
    "Farmers practiced transhumance with routes to Meremma and l'Amiata." (AB Ev)
  • Routes of Santiago de Compostela in France
    Inscribed: 1998
    2.82
    303
    14
    Route section Nasbinals-St.-Chély d'Aubrac: The descent towards the Lot valley begins with a transhumance trail which reaches Saint-Chély at an altitude of 800 m on the Boralde. (Nomination file)
  • Risco Caido
    Inscribed: 2019
    2.49
    57
    4
    Transhumance routes, which clearly date from ancient times, and troglodyte cisterns, are still used by local livestock breeders (AB ev)
  • Maymand
    Inscribed: 2015
    2.47
    18
    4
    "...reflects a traditional three phase transhumance system with unusual troglodytic winter housing in a dry desert environment" (AB)
  • Laponian Area
    Inscribed: 1996
    3.36
    75
    7
    one of the last and unquestionably the largest and best preserved examples of an area of transhumance (OUV)
  • Hallstatt-Dachstein
    Inscribed: 1997
    3.61
    245
    16
    "The beauty of the alpine landscape, with its higher pastures used for the summer grazing of sheep and cattle since prehistoric times as part of the process of transhumance, which still today gives the valley communities rights of access to specific grazing areas (...)" (Official description)
  • Causses and Cévennes
    Inscribed: 2011
    3.20
    124
    5
    "The northern part of the Cévennes NP encompasses the grazed granite uplands around Mont Lozère. Here (is) .. good summer grazing by large flocks of sheep travelling north from farms to the south of the National Park in Languedoc near the coast, a system of transhumance that has persisted since the 12th century"