Archaeological 'Type Sites'
WHS which are/include an archaeological "Type site". "In archaeology a type site .... is a site that is considered the model of a particular archaeological culture. For example, the type site of the "Pre-Pottery Neolithic A" culture is Jericho ..." and "An archaeological culture is a pattern of similar artifacts and features found within a specific area over a limited period of time. They are sometimes termed Techno-Complexes (Technology-Complexes) to differentiate them from sociological cultures" (Wiki). "Cultures" are commonly either named after their "type site" or the technology in use, but the type sites are not necessarily the most impressive or famous ones ,being named after the site at which the culture was first identified and defined. Provide some evidence that archaeologists regard the location as a "site type" and the name of the culture/period it relates to.
See also: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_site.
Connected Sites
| Site | Rationale | Link |
| Chaco Culture | Basketmaker III Culture. In 1927 "Frank H. H. Roberts excavated the pithouse village called Shabik'eschee. This site pre-dated the period of the construction of Chacoan great houses (monumental public buildings), and became the archaeological "type-site" (example) for the Basketmaker III period in the Pecos classification of Pueblo cultures"... "it is located on the lowest terrace of a finger of Chacra Mesa at the east end of the current Chaco Culture National Historical Park." Pueblo Bonito "is the type site for the Bonito phase (about A.D. 860 to 1140)" | |
| Chavin | Chavin Culture | |
| Chinchorro Culture | The Chinchorro type site is located in Arica, Chile; it was discovered by German archaeologist Max Uhle in the early 20th century. | |
| Cilento and Vallo di Diano | The Gaudo Culture is a late Neolithic culture in Southern Italy, primarily in the region of Campania, active at the beginning of the 3rd millennium BC, whose typesite necropolis is located near Paestum, not far from the mouth of the river Sele. | |
| El Tajin | Classic Central Veracruz is focused upon north central Veracruz, where the type site of El Tajin is located (The New Encyclopaedia Britannica: Macropaedia - Page 10) | |
| Frontiers of the Roman Empire | Birdoswald - a type site for the early post-Roman development of a Roman fort (see link) | |
| Hallstatt-Dachstein | Hallstatt culture | |
| Hattusha | Hittite civilization: Boğazköy, the site of the Hittite capital of Hattusa, is naturally the type site for this cultural period (The Oxford Handbook of Ancient Anatolia: (10,000-323 BCE) - Page 80) | |
| Mycenae and Tiryns | "The Mycenaeans were a Greek-speaking culture of uncertain origins, typical of the chariot drvien warriers of the late Bronze Age. They occupied cities in the Peloponnese, including Mycenae (the "type site" from which the modern name for the culture is derived), Tiryns, Sparta, and Pylos, as well as cities elsewhere such as Athens and Thebes. Eventually, although the reasons and timing are uncertain, the Mycenaeans took over control of Crete" | |
| Ngorongoro | Olduvai Gorge - Oldowan Culture ("Even though Olduvai Gorge is the type site, Oldowan tools from here are not the oldest known examples" Wiki) | |
| Oaxaca and Monte Alban | Monte Alban - Zapotec civilization (wiki) | |
| Prehistoric Pile Dwellings | The Swiss site CH-ZH-03 at Horgen-Scheller gave its name to the Horgen culture. See pp 305/6 of the Nomination File and (link) | |
| Tiwanaku | Tiwanaku Culture | |
| Vézère Valley | Le Moustier - Mousterian culture, Abri de la Madeleine - Magdalenian Culture |
Suggestions?
Do you know of another WHS we could connect to Archaeological 'Type Sites'?
A connection should:
- Not be "self evident"
- Link at least 3 different sites
- Not duplicate or merely subdivide the "Category" assignment already identified on this site.
- Add some knowledge or insight (whether significant or trivial!) about WHS for the users of this site
- Be explained, with reference to a source